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1 salus
salūs, ūtis, f. (v. salvus, a, um), die Unverletztheit, der unverletzte Zustand, I) im allg.: a) die Gesundheit, das Wohlbefinden, Ter.: cum salute eius fiat, ohne Schaden seiner Gesundheit, Ter.: medicinā ad salutem reducere, heilen, Cic.: medicis suis non ad salutem, sed ad necem uti, Cic.: salutem alci imprecari, beim Niesen, Apul. – personif., Salūs = Ὑγίεια, die Göttin der Gesundheit, Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 427; vgl. unten no. b, β. – b) das Heil, Wohl, die Wohlfahrt, das Glück, die Erhaltung des Daseins, sowohl des einzelnen als des ganzen Staates (Ggstz. pernicies), nulla salus bello, Verg.: rediit suā salute, zu ihrem Glücke, Plaut.: bonā salute, was Gott verhüten wolle, Cato: quae quidem res et iis contemnentibus perniciei et huic despecto saluti fuit, Nep.: fugā salutem petere, in der Fl. sein Heil suchen, Nep.: utilitati salutique servire, Cic.: augurium salutis, eine Art von augurium, wo man die Gottheit fragte, ob sie erlaube, für die Wohlfahrt des Volkes zu beten, Cic.: spes salutis, Hoffnung auf bessere Zustände, Cic. – auch das bürgerliche Wohl eines Römers, wenn er nicht im Exil lebt, restitutio salutis meae, Zurückberufung aus dem Exil, Cic. – dah. α) als Liebkosungswort, quid agis, mea salus? mein Heil, Plaut.: o salute meā salus salubrior, Plaut. – β) personif., Salus, als Göttin des Heils und der Wohlfahrt übh., Plaut. cist. 742. Ter. adelph. 761. Cic. Font. 21, und der öffentlichen Wohlfahrt, der Staatswohlfahrt, der C. Junius Bubulkus einen Tempel auf dem Quirinal gelobt hatte (277 v. Chr.), Liv. 9, 43, 25; 10, 1, 9, den Fabius Pictor ausmalte, Val. Max. 8, 14, 6. Plin. 35, 19. Vgl. Wissowa Religion u. Kultus der Römer2. S. 132 u. ö. – c) das Leben, wenn es in Gefahr ist od. in Gefahr kommen soll, salutis suae rationem iudicum severitati reservavit, Cic. Verr. 5, 74. – d) die Rettung vom Tode, von der Gefahr, vom Untergange usw. (Ggstz. pernicies), sine spe salutis, Nep.: ad salutem vocare, in Sicherheit bringen, retten, Cic.: salutem ferre alci, Cic.: salutem afferre rei publicae, Rettung verschaffen, Cic.: pecuniae salutem attulit, hat gerettet, Caes.: salutem petere, Rettung oder Sicherheit suchen, Nep.: ob eiusdem hominis consulatum unā cum salute (Freisprechung) obtinendum, Cic.: alia, nisi haec, salutis via nulla est, Gell. – u. das Rettungsmittel, nulla salus rei publicae reperiri potest, Cic.: si ulla salus servare posset, Cic.: una est salus m. folg. Infin., es gibt nur ein Rettungsmittel (nur eine Rettung), näml. usw., Liv. 7, 35, 9. Verg. Aen. 2, 354. – e) die Sicherheit vor Gefahr u. Untergang, iuris, libertatis, fortunarum suarum salus in istius damnatione consistit, Cic. Verr. 2, 16. – II) insbes.: a) das (mündl. od. schriftl.) jmdm. gewünschte Wohlsein, der Gruß, salutem nuntiare, Cic.: salutem ascribere, Cic.: scribere patri salutem, Mart.: impertit tibi multam salutem, grüßt dich vielmals, Cic.: plurimā salute Parmenonem impertit Gnatho, Ter.: salutem accipere, Auson.: salute datā redditāque od. salute acceptā redditāque, Liv.: alci salutem dicere iubere, jmd. grüßen lassen, Plaut.: u. elliptisch, Anacharsis Hannoni salutem (verst. dicit), Cic.: salutem alci afferre, Ov.: alci salutem mittere, Lucil. u. Ov.: secundum salutem, ut assolet, scriptum erat (stand [im Briefe] geschrieben) m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Liv. 24, 31, 7: bildl., salutem dicere foro et curiae, den Abschied geben, entsagen, Cic. – b) die begrüßende Anrede in der Vorrede, die Widmung, Salv. de gub. dei praef. § 4. – / Archaist. Dat. v. salus (Gesundheit) salutei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 587. – arch. Genet. von Salus (Göttin) Salutes, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 49: arch. Dat. Salute, ibid. 179.
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2 salus
salūs, ūtis, f. (v. salvus, a, um), die Unverletztheit, der unverletzte Zustand, I) im allg.: a) die Gesundheit, das Wohlbefinden, Ter.: cum salute eius fiat, ohne Schaden seiner Gesundheit, Ter.: medicinā ad salutem reducere, heilen, Cic.: medicis suis non ad salutem, sed ad necem uti, Cic.: salutem alci imprecari, beim Niesen, Apul. – personif., Salūs = Ὑγίεια, die Göttin der Gesundheit, Corp. inscr. Lat. 9, 427; vgl. unten no. b, β. – b) das Heil, Wohl, die Wohlfahrt, das Glück, die Erhaltung des Daseins, sowohl des einzelnen als des ganzen Staates (Ggstz. pernicies), nulla salus bello, Verg.: rediit suā salute, zu ihrem Glücke, Plaut.: bonā salute, was Gott verhüten wolle, Cato: quae quidem res et iis contemnentibus perniciei et huic despecto saluti fuit, Nep.: fugā salutem petere, in der Fl. sein Heil suchen, Nep.: utilitati salutique servire, Cic.: augurium salutis, eine Art von augurium, wo man die Gottheit fragte, ob sie erlaube, für die Wohlfahrt des Volkes zu beten, Cic.: spes salutis, Hoffnung auf bessere Zustände, Cic. – auch das bürgerliche Wohl eines Römers, wenn er nicht im Exil lebt, restitutio salutis meae, Zurückberufung aus dem Exil, Cic. – dah. α) als Liebkosungswort, quid agis, mea salus? mein Heil, Plaut.: o salute meā salus salubrior, Plaut. – β) personif., Salus, als Göttin des Heils und der Wohlfahrt übh., Plaut. cist.————742. Ter. adelph. 761. Cic. Font. 21, und der öffentlichen Wohlfahrt, der Staatswohlfahrt, der C. Junius Bubulkus einen Tempel auf dem Quirinal gelobt hatte (277 v. Chr.), Liv. 9, 43, 25; 10, 1, 9, den Fabius Pictor ausmalte, Val. Max. 8, 14, 6. Plin. 35, 19. Vgl. Wissowa Religion u. Kultus der Römer2. S. 132 u. ö. – c) das Leben, wenn es in Gefahr ist od. in Gefahr kommen soll, salutis suae rationem iudicum severitati reservavit, Cic. Verr. 5, 74. – d) die Rettung vom Tode, von der Gefahr, vom Untergange usw. (Ggstz. pernicies), sine spe salutis, Nep.: ad salutem vocare, in Sicherheit bringen, retten, Cic.: salutem ferre alci, Cic.: salutem afferre rei publicae, Rettung verschaffen, Cic.: pecuniae salutem attulit, hat gerettet, Caes.: salutem petere, Rettung oder Sicherheit suchen, Nep.: ob eiusdem hominis consulatum unā cum salute (Freisprechung) obtinendum, Cic.: alia, nisi haec, salutis via nulla est, Gell. – u. das Rettungsmittel, nulla salus rei publicae reperiri potest, Cic.: si ulla salus servare posset, Cic.: una est salus m. folg. Infin., es gibt nur ein Rettungsmittel (nur eine Rettung), näml. usw., Liv. 7, 35, 9. Verg. Aen. 2, 354. – e) die Sicherheit vor Gefahr u. Untergang, iuris, libertatis, fortunarum suarum salus in istius damnatione consistit, Cic. Verr. 2, 16. – II) insbes.: a) das (mündl. od. schriftl.) jmdm. gewünschte Wohlsein, der Gruß, salutem nuntiare, Cic.: salutem————ascribere, Cic.: scribere patri salutem, Mart.: impertit tibi multam salutem, grüßt dich vielmals, Cic.: plurimā salute Parmenonem impertit Gnatho, Ter.: salutem accipere, Auson.: salute datā redditāque od. salute acceptā redditāque, Liv.: alci salutem dicere iubere, jmd. grüßen lassen, Plaut.: u. elliptisch, Anacharsis Hannoni salutem (verst. dicit), Cic.: salutem alci afferre, Ov.: alci salutem mittere, Lucil. u. Ov.: secundum salutem, ut assolet, scriptum erat (stand [im Briefe] geschrieben) m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Liv. 24, 31, 7: bildl., salutem dicere foro et curiae, den Abschied geben, entsagen, Cic. – b) die begrüßende Anrede in der Vorrede, die Widmung, Salv. de gub. dei praef. § 4. – ⇒ Archaist. Dat. v. salus (Gesundheit) salutei, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 587. – arch. Genet. von Salus (Göttin) Salutes, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 49: arch. Dat. Salute, ibid. 179. -
3 salus
sălūs, ūtis (archaic gen. SALVTES, on a clay vessel, v. Ritschl de Fictilibus Litteratis, Berol, 1853, p. 18, n. 5; cf. APOLONES, from Apollo; dat. SALVTEI, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 587), f. [root sar, to guard, whence servus, servare, salvus, sollus; cf. Gr. holos, entire], a being safe and sound; a sound or whole condition, health, welfare, prosperity, preservation, safety, deliverance, etc. (very freq. and class.: cf.: valetudo, sanitas).I.Lit.A.In gen.: Mars pater te precor, pastores pecuaque salva servassis duisque bonam salutem valetudinemque mihi domo familiaeque nostrae, an old form of prayer in Cato, R. R. 141, 3; cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 27; so,B.too, the religious formula for asking protection: quod cum salute ejus fiat,
and may it do him good, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 3;and in the same sense: bonā salute,
Cato, R. R. 4 fin.:adhuc quae assolent quaeque oportet Signa esse ad salutem, omnia huic (puero recens nato) esse video,
Ter. And. 3, 2, 2:aegrorum salutem ab Aesculapio datam,
Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 91:qui etiam medicis suis non ad salutem, sed ad necem utatur,
id. Har. Resp. 16, 35:me confectum consularibus volneribus consulari medicinā ad salutem reduceret,
id. Red. Quir. 6, 15:firmā potiri salute,
Ov. H. 20, [p. 1622] 179:salute nostrā atque urbe captā Domum reduco integrum omnem exercitum,
in good health, well, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 147:mater redit suā salute ac familiae maximā,
in excellent health, id. Merc. 4, 5, 9:salute nostrum socium,
id. Men. 1, 2, 25:salute horiae,
uninjured, id. Rud. 4, 2, 5:in optimorum consiliis posita est civitatium salus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51; cf.:tu eris unus, in quo nitatur civitatis salus,
id. ib. 6, 12, 12;2, 23, 43: juris, libertatis, fortunarum suarum salus in istius damnatione consistit,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 16:neque enim salus ulla rei publicae major reperiri potest, quam, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 1, 2, § 4; Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:spem teneo, salutem amisi,
id. Merc. 3, 4, 6 sq.; id. Capt. 3, 3, 3; cf.:cujus aures clausae veritati sunt, hujus salus desperanda est,
Cic. Lael. 24, 90:nisi quae mihi in te'st, haud tibi est in me salus,
a means of safety, help, assistance, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 69:fer amanti ero salutem,
id. As. 3, 3, 82; cf.:cum opem indigentibus salutemque ferres,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 118; id. Mur. 13, 28: dicet fortasse Dignitatis halis:saluti, si me amas, consule,
id. Att. 2, 19, 1:is est nimirum Soter, qui salutem dedit,
has furnished safety, id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:dare salutem, liberare periculis, etc.,
id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:saluti quod tibi esse censeo, id consuadeo,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 35; so,saluti esse alicui,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1; id. de Or. 2, 49, 200 al.;for which: nosse omnia haec, salus est adulescentulis,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 18:diffisus suae omniumque saluti,
Caes. B. G. 6, 38:nec in fugā salus ulla ostendebatur,
Liv. 30, 8:una est salus,
id. 7, 35:una salus victis nullam sperare salutem,
Verg. A. 2, 354; cf. id. ib. 5, 174; 6, 96; Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 4; 5, 7, 3; id. P. 3, 7, 23; 4, 14, 5; id. M. 3, 648; Luc. 2, 221. —Freq. in Plaut. as a term of endearment, my life, my love:quid agis, mea salus?
Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 3:o salute meā salus salubrior,
id. Cist. 3, 13; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 38; id. Poen. 1, 2, 153; 1, 2, 176; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17. —In partic., a wish for one ' s welfare (expressed by word of mouth or in writing), a greeting, salute, salutation: Ly. Charmidem Lysiteles salutat. Ca. Non ego sum salutis dignus? Ly. Immo salve Callicles, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 29:C.venienti des salutem atque osculum,
id. Ep. 4, 2, 2:quin tu primum salutem reddis quam dedi?
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 11: Sy. Responde, quod rogo. Ba. Eho, an non prius salutas? Sy. Nulla est mihi salus dataria, id. Ps. 4, 2, 13: Pe. Salva sis. Ph. Salutem accipio mihi et meis, id. Ep. 4, 1, 21:advenientem peregre herum suum Salva impertit salute servus Epidicus,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 24; cf. Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 39; for which: impertit salutem plurimam et plenissimam, Lucil. ap. Non. 472, 16:Terentia impertit tibi multam salutem,
Cic. Att. 2, 12, 3:salutem dicere alicui,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 29:multam, plurimam salutem dicere alicui,
id. Curc. 3, 51; 3, 61:Cicero tibi salutem plurimam dicit,
Cic. Fam. 14, 7, 3:tu Atticae salutem dices,
id. Att. 14, 19, 6;and so at the beginning of a letter: salutem dicit Toxilo Timarchides Et familiae omni. Si valetis gaudeo, etc.,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 32;usually abbreviated S. D. (salutem dicit), S. D. M. (salutem dicit multam), S. D. P. (salutem dicit plurimam), v. the superscriptions of Cicero's letters. Freq., also, elliptically, without dicit: Anacharsis Hannoni salutem,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 90 (abbreviated, e. g. Cicero Attico S., v. the letters of Cicero and Pliny):Dionysio plurimam salutem,
id. Att. 4, 18, 3:Atticae plurimam salutem,
id. ib. 14, 20, 5:salutem reddere,
to return a greeting, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 11; Liv. 9, 6, 12; Tac. A. 4, 60: salutem mittere per aliquem, to send a greeting:mihi dulcis salus visa est per te missa ab illā,
Cic. Att. 16, 3, 6; Ov. H. 4, 1; 16, 1.—An unusual expression is, salutem dicere alicui, in the sense of to bid one farewell:ego vero multam salutem et foro dicam et curiae, vivamque tecum multum, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 2:salute acceptā redditāque,
Liv. 7, 5:salute datā redditāque,
id. 3, 26:salutem tibi ab sodali nuntio,
I bring, deliver, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 10; so,nuntiare salutem alicui,
id. Curc. 4, 2, 38; id. Men. prol. 1; cf.:salutem verbis tuis mihi nuntiarat,
Cic. Fam. 7, 14, 1:salutem tibi plurimam ascribit et Tulliola, deliciae nostrae,
adds, joins in, id. Att. 1, 5, 9; 5, 20, 9.—In a humorous equivoque: As. Salve. St. Satis mihi est tuae salutis, nihil moror, sat salveo;Aegrotare malim, quam esse tuā salute sanior,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 4 sq.; id. Ps. 1, 1, 41 sq.—Salvation, deliverance from sin and its penalties (eccl. Lat.):II.verbum salutis,
Vulg. Act. 13, 26; id. Rom. 10, 1; 13, 11.—Salus, personified, a Roman divinity, whose temple stood on one of the summits of the Quirinalis (v. Salutaris):ego tibi nunc sum summus Juppiter, Idem ego sum Salus, Fortuna, etc.,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 84; id. As. 3, 3, 123; 3, 3, 137; id. Cist. 4, 2, 76; id. Merc. 5, 2, 26; Varr. L. L. 5, §§ 51 and 74 Müll.; Liv. 9, 43 fin.; 10, 1 fin.; 40, 37; Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:augurium Salutis (instituted for the welfare of the State),
Cic. Div. 1, 47, 105; id. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Suet. Aug. 31; Tac. A. 12, 23.—In a lusus verbb., alluding to the literal meaning of the name:nec Salus nobis saluti jam esse, si cupiat, potest,
Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 4:at vos Salus servassit,
id. Cist. 4, 2, 76:neque jam Salus servare, si volt, me potest,
id. Capt. 3, 3, 14; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 43; cf.:Salus ipsa virorum fortium innocentiam tueri non potest,
Cic. Font. 6, 11, § 21. -
4 allgemein
allgemein, I) Adj.:universus (die Gesamtheit [eines Volkes etc.] angehend, von allen ohne Ausnahme getan u. dgl., Ggstz. proprius). – generalis (das Ganze betreffend, ohne auf Einzelheiten od. einzelne einzugehen). – communis (gemeinschaftlich, Ggstz. singularis, z. B. sermo). – summus (der höchste, vollkommenste). – vulgaris. tritus (allgemein üblich); verb. vulgaris communisque. – omnium rerum (in allen Dingen, Stücken, z. B. allg. Mangel, inopia omnium rerum). – omnium hominum, auch bl. hominum od. bl. omnium, verstärkt omnium communis (aller Menschen, z. B. allg. Gelächter, omnium risus: a. Sprache, omnium hominum sermo, omnium communis sermo: unsere a. Meinung, nostra omnium sententia). – Zuw. auch durch andere Kasus von omnis im Plur., z. B. es herrscht a. Übereinstimmung, omnes uno ore consentiunt: dies ist das a. Gespräch, hic sermo omnibus est in ore: nach a. Gebrauche, apud omnes: einen a. Krieg führen, cum omnibus regibus bellum gerere. – das a. Beste, Wohl, omnium salus. summa salus (übh.); rei publicae salus u. bl. res publica (des Staates Bestes): zum a. Besten anwenden, raten, in commune conferre, consulere od. consultare: ein a. Sprichwort, proverbium sermone tritum: a. Billigung erhalten, finden, ab omnibus laudari; omnibus od. in vulgus probari: eine a. Bildung haben, omni genere doctrinae florere: von a. Interesse sein, et late patere et ad multos (od. omnes) pertinere. – das Allgemeine, genus (die Gattung, Ggstz. species). – generalis pars (der allgemeine Teil). – genus totum (die ganze Gattung). – im allgemeinen, in universum. universe (der Gesamtheit nach, im ganzen, ohne Zerlegung in Teile, ohne Berücksichtigung des Einzelnen (Ggstz. proprie, nominatim, per partes [teilweise] u. dgl.). – in universo (in der Gesamtheit, Ggstz. in parte). – omnino (im ganzen, überhaupt, Ggstz. separatim). – generatim. generaliter (den Hauptteilen nach, nicht speziell). – summatim (summarisch, in allgemeinen Zügen, z. B. schildern, exponere); verb. generatim et summatim. – communiter (insgemein, durchgängig). – per se (an sich, ohne Rücksicht auf besondere Verhältnisse). – im a. über etw. reden, in universum od. summatim de alqa re dicere; generatim atque universe de alqa re loqui; de re universa tractare: ein Wort im a. definieren, verbum generaliter definire. – Wird durch »im allg.« angedeutet, daß ein Subjekt od. Objekt in seiner Totalität aufgefaßt wird, so stehen die Adjektt. omnis, universus, z. B. die Untersuchung im allg., omnis quaestio: die Philosophie im a., universa philosophia: im allg. wohl, wenn man [78] die Sache im a. betrachtet, si rem omnem spectas: über etwas im a. handeln, de re universa agere. – wie im allg.... so insbesondere, zwar im allg.... (aber) doch insbesondere, cum... tum od. tum maxime. – II) Adv.:universe. generatim (überhaupt). – communiter (insgemein, durchgängig, s. oben »im allgemeinen« den Untersch. dieser drei). – vulgo (beim großen Haufen, im gemeinen Leben, überall bei den Leuten, z. B. legi, v. Schriften). – undique (von allen Seiten). – passim (weit u. breit, allenthalben, allerorten). – in omnes partes (nach allen Beziehungen hin). – omnibus rebus. omnibus partibus (in allen Beziehungen, Stücken). – consensu omnium (einstimmig, w. vgl.). – allg. bekannt, s. allbekannt: a. beliebt, s. allbeliebt: a. verhaßt, omnibus od. universo populo invisus: a. machen, vulgare (zu jedermanns Kenntnis bringen); in commune vocare (so daß jeder daran teilnehmen kann, z. B. honores); ad vitam communem adducere (in das gewöhnliche Leben einführen, z. B. philosophiam): nicht allgemein (bekannt) machen, intra privatos parietes retinere: a. werden, vulgari; increbrescere od. percrebrescere (häufiger werden, z. B. von einer Gewohnheit, einem Gerücht): das Blutbad wird a., omnibus locis fit caedes: die Flucht wurde a., fuga passim fieri coepta est; in fugam omnes versi (sunt): a. geschätzt werden, magnae existimationis esse: a. gelobt werden, bene audire ab omnibus: a. vermutet man, daß etc., omnes od. homines suspicantur: wie man a. glaubt (meint), ut opinio est omnium od. hominum.
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5 Gemeinwohl
Gemeinwohl, salus publica od. communis. omnium salus. rei publicae salus (öffentliches od. aller Heil). – felicitas publica (öffentliche Glückseligkeit). – utilitas publica od. communis. omnium utilitas (öffentlicher od. aller Vorteil). – omnium fortunae (aller Glücksumstände, Hab u. Gut). – res pub lica (der Staat übh.). – bonum publicum (das gemeine Aeste). – für das G. leben, in publicum vivere: für das G. sorgen, in publicum consu lere.
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6 filum
fīlum, ī, n. (fingo), der Faden, I) eig.: a) von Lein, Wolle usw., α) übh.: cerei fila, Docht, Sen.: conicere filum in acum, einfädeln, Cels.: circumdare collum filo (um ihn zu messen), Catull.: coëmere fila (Garn), Amm.: velamina filo pleno, dickes Zeug, Ov.: munusculum crasso filo (bildl.), Cic.: capite velato filo, meton. = mit wollener Binde, Liv. 1, 32, 6: u. so filo velatus, Tibull. 1, 5, 15. – Sprichw. (tenui) pendēre filo, unser »an einem seidenen Faden hängen«, d.i. in Gefahr schweben, Ov. ex Pont. 4, 3, 35. Enn. b. Macr. sat. 1, 4, 18; vgl. cum admodum tenui filo suspensa rei publicae salus ex sociorum fide penderet, Val. Max. 6, 4, 1 u. a cuius salute velut filo pendēre statum orbis terrarum exclamabant, Amm. 14, 5, 4. – β) insofern er gesponnen od. verwebt wird, ducere fila, Ov.: tenero pollice fila ducere, Sen.: alia torquere fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducere, Sen.: dextrā leviter deducere fila, Catull.: staminis fila pollice deducere, Hieron.: fila pollice trahere, Mart.: mollia lanae fila carpere, Ambros. – b) von andern Dingen, aranei, Lucr.: deducit aranea filum pede, Ov.: v. Blumen u. Gewächsen, Fasern, Mart.: mel praetenuia fila mittit, zieht Fäden, Plin.: tenui filo stantibus in medio crocis, Staubfäden, Plin.: lyrae, Saite, Ov. – c) der Lebensfaden, an dem die Parzen spinnen (vgl. poëtae colus et fila fatis adsignant, Fronto de amiss. nepot. 2. p. 233, 8 N.), sororum fila trium, Hor.: at tibi nascenti nerunt fatales fortia fila deae, Ov.: triplices deae tua fila resolvent, Ov. – II) übtr.: A) gleichs. das Gewebe = die äußere Form, -Gestalt, -Bildung, forma filumque solis, Lucr.: fil. mulieris, Plaut. (u. so filum non malum, Lucil.): habitus corporis et filum, Varro LL.: totius corporis filum atque habitus, Gell.: fuit decente filo corporis, Amm.: fil. tenue vocis, helle, klare Stimme, Calp. – B) von der Rede, die Form, Manier, das Gepräge (vgl. Seyffert Cic. Lael. 7, 25. p. 1752), orationis tuae, Cic.: argumentandi, Cic.: uberiore filo, Cic. – / Heteroklit. Plur. fili, Lucan. 6, 460 (vgl. Phocas 4, 5. p. 426, 29 K). Arnob. 1, 59 codd. (wo man jetzt pileus et pileum liest). Verecund. in cantic. Ezech. 5, 5 (im Spicil. Soloesm. 4. p. 74).
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7 suspendo
sus-pendo, pendī, pēnsum, ere, aufhängen, I) eig.: a) übh.: nidum tigno, Verg.: oscilla ex pinu, Verg.: columbam malo ab alto, Verg.: alqd collo od. e collo od. in collo, Plin.: funiculum de clavo parieti affixo, Amm.: alqm arbori infelici reste, Liv., u. bl. alqm arbori infelici, Cic. u. Liv.: alqm in oleastro, Cic.: se laqueo, Augustin.: u. so ille suspenditur laqueo, Firm.: se de ficu, Cic.: bl. se, sich hängen, -erhängen, Cic.: poet., suspendit pictā vultum mentemque tabellā, heftete (richtete) seinen Blick und seinen Geist auf ein Gemälde, Hor. – Partiz. suspēnsus, a, um, gehängt, hangend, Liv. u. Cels.: suspensus tabulam lacerto, eine Tafel am Arme hängen habend, Hor.: bildl., cum admodum tenui filo suspensa rei publicae salus ex sociorum fide pendēret, Val. Max. – b) insbes., aufhängen, einem Gotte zu Ehren im Tempel etwas Gelobtes, weihen, heiligen, arma Quirino, Verg.: vestimenta deo maris, Hor. – II) übtr.: A) machen, daß etw. hoch ist, in die Höhe bringen, erheben, hoch machen, tectum turris, Caes.: castra saxis praeruptis, auf hohen Felsen aufschlagen, Sil.: nemora, auf den Dächern der Häuser anlegen, Sen.: tellurem sulco tenui, flach pflügen, auflockern, Verg.: campus subeunte stagno suspensus, brüchig, Mela. – B) machen, daß etw. gleichs. hängt od. schwebt, in der Schwebe halten, schweben lassen, 1) eig.: a) übh.: suspendi lectus debet et moveri, Cels.: Iunonem Olympo, an dem Himmel befestigen, schweben lassen, Val. Flacc. – gressum, leise auftreten, Veget. mul.: tenui et molli incessu suspendere gradum, Sen.: pedem summis digitis, auf den Zehen gehen, auf die Zehen treten, Quint.: suspenso gradu ire, auf den Zehen gehen, Ter.: so auch suspenso pede evagari, Phaedr., u. ferre suspensos gradus, Ov.: dentes, nicht sehr zubeißen, Lucr.: Seianus genu vultuque et manibus super Caesarem suspensus, in schwebender Stellung, mit Knie, Gesicht u. Armen sich über den Kaiser hinbeugend, Tac. ann. 4, 59. Vgl. suspensus no. I, b. – b) insbes., ein Gebäude schwebend bauen, so daß es auf einem Schwibbogen od. Gewölbe ruht, balneola, Cic. Hortens. fr. 69 Kays. (bei Non. 194, 13). – 2) übtr.: a) stützen, terram columnis, Plin.: tignis contignationem, hinaufschrauben, Caes.: dolia subiectis lapidibus, darüberstürzen, Colum.: murum furculis, Liv.: ita aedificatum, ut suspendi non posset, ohne Unterstützung feststehen, Cic. – b) locker halten, lupinum solidiores glebas sustinet et suspendit, Colum. 2, 15 (16), 6. – c) locker setzen, vineam in summa terra, Colum. 3, 13, 8. – 3) bildl.: a) einhalten, hemmen, unterbrechen, aufheben, beseitigen, spiritum, Quint.: fletum, Ov.: dolore per intervalla suspenso, Ps. Quint. decl.: causas morbi, Veget.: fluxiones oculorum, Plin.: pronuntiationis terminum ita, ut etc., Diom.: dah. aura suspensa levisque, gelinde, sanft, ruhig, Lucr. – b) unentschieden lassen, medio responso rem, Liv. 39, 29, 1. – c) in Ungewißheit setzen, -lassen, iudicum animos, Quint.: animos fictā gravitate, Ov.: alqm exspectatione, Plin. ep.
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8 filum
fīlum, ī, n. (fingo), der Faden, I) eig.: a) von Lein, Wolle usw., α) übh.: cerei fila, Docht, Sen.: conicere filum in acum, einfädeln, Cels.: circumdare collum filo (um ihn zu messen), Catull.: coëmere fila (Garn), Amm.: velamina filo pleno, dickes Zeug, Ov.: munusculum crasso filo (bildl.), Cic.: capite velato filo, meton. = mit wollener Binde, Liv. 1, 32, 6: u. so filo velatus, Tibull. 1, 5, 15. – Sprichw. (tenui) pendēre filo, unser »an einem seidenen Faden hängen«, d.i. in Gefahr schweben, Ov. ex Pont. 4, 3, 35. Enn. b. Macr. sat. 1, 4, 18; vgl. cum admodum tenui filo suspensa rei publicae salus ex sociorum fide penderet, Val. Max. 6, 4, 1 u. a cuius salute velut filo pendēre statum orbis terrarum exclamabant, Amm. 14, 5, 4. – β) insofern er gesponnen od. verwebt wird, ducere fila, Ov.: tenero pollice fila ducere, Sen.: alia torquere fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducere, Sen.: dextrā leviter deducere fila, Catull.: staminis fila pollice deducere, Hieron.: fila pollice trahere, Mart.: mollia lanae fila carpere, Ambros. – b) von andern Dingen, aranei, Lucr.: deducit aranea filum pede, Ov.: v. Blumen u. Gewächsen, Fasern, Mart.: mel praetenuia fila mittit, zieht Fäden, Plin.: tenui filo stantibus in medio crocis, Staubfäden, Plin.: lyrae, Saite, Ov. – c) der Lebensfaden, an dem die Parzen spinnen (vgl. poëtae colus et fila fatis adsignant, Fronto de amiss.————nepot. 2. p. 233, 8 N.), sororum fila trium, Hor.: at tibi nascenti nerunt fatales fortia fila deae, Ov.: triplices deae tua fila resolvent, Ov. – II) übtr.: A) gleichs. das Gewebe = die äußere Form, -Gestalt, -Bildung, forma filumque solis, Lucr.: fil. mulieris, Plaut. (u. so filum non malum, Lucil.): habitus corporis et filum, Varro LL.: totius corporis filum atque habitus, Gell.: fuit decente filo corporis, Amm.: fil. tenue vocis, helle, klare Stimme, Calp. – B) von der Rede, die Form, Manier, das Gepräge (vgl. Seyffert Cic. Lael. 7, 25. p. 1752), orationis tuae, Cic.: argumentandi, Cic.: uberiore filo, Cic. – ⇒ Heteroklit. Plur. fili, Lucan. 6, 460 (vgl. Phocas 4, 5. p. 426, 29 K). Arnob. 1, 59 codd. (wo man jetzt pileus et pileum liest). Verecund. in cantic. Ezech. 5, 5 (im Spicil. Soloesm. 4. p. 74). -
9 suspendo
sus-pendo, pendī, pēnsum, ere, aufhängen, I) eig.: a) übh.: nidum tigno, Verg.: oscilla ex pinu, Verg.: columbam malo ab alto, Verg.: alqd collo od. e collo od. in collo, Plin.: funiculum de clavo parieti affixo, Amm.: alqm arbori infelici reste, Liv., u. bl. alqm arbori infelici, Cic. u. Liv.: alqm in oleastro, Cic.: se laqueo, Augustin.: u. so ille suspenditur laqueo, Firm.: se de ficu, Cic.: bl. se, sich hängen, -erhängen, Cic.: poet., suspendit pictā vultum mentemque tabellā, heftete (richtete) seinen Blick und seinen Geist auf ein Gemälde, Hor. – Partiz. suspēnsus, a, um, gehängt, hangend, Liv. u. Cels.: suspensus tabulam lacerto, eine Tafel am Arme hängen habend, Hor.: bildl., cum admodum tenui filo suspensa rei publicae salus ex sociorum fide pendēret, Val. Max. – b) insbes., aufhängen, einem Gotte zu Ehren im Tempel etwas Gelobtes, weihen, heiligen, arma Quirino, Verg.: vestimenta deo maris, Hor. – II) übtr.: A) machen, daß etw. hoch ist, in die Höhe bringen, erheben, hoch machen, tectum turris, Caes.: castra saxis praeruptis, auf hohen Felsen aufschlagen, Sil.: nemora, auf den Dächern der Häuser anlegen, Sen.: tellurem sulco tenui, flach pflügen, auflockern, Verg.: campus subeunte stagno suspensus, brüchig, Mela. – B) machen, daß etw. gleichs. hängt od. schwebt, in der Schwebe halten, schweben lassen, 1) eig.: a) übh.: suspendi————lectus debet et moveri, Cels.: Iunonem Olympo, an dem Himmel befestigen, schweben lassen, Val. Flacc. – gressum, leise auftreten, Veget. mul.: tenui et molli incessu suspendere gradum, Sen.: pedem summis digitis, auf den Zehen gehen, auf die Zehen treten, Quint.: suspenso gradu ire, auf den Zehen gehen, Ter.: so auch suspenso pede evagari, Phaedr., u. ferre suspensos gradus, Ov.: dentes, nicht sehr zubeißen, Lucr.: Seianus genu vultuque et manibus super Caesarem suspensus, in schwebender Stellung, mit Knie, Gesicht u. Armen sich über den Kaiser hinbeugend, Tac. ann. 4, 59. Vgl. suspensus no. I, b. – b) insbes., ein Gebäude schwebend bauen, so daß es auf einem Schwibbogen od. Gewölbe ruht, balneola, Cic. Hortens. fr. 69 Kays. (bei Non. 194, 13). – 2) übtr.: a) stützen, terram columnis, Plin.: tignis contignationem, hinaufschrauben, Caes.: dolia subiectis lapidibus, darüberstürzen, Colum.: murum furculis, Liv.: ita aedificatum, ut suspendi non posset, ohne Unterstützung feststehen, Cic. – b) locker halten, lupinum solidiores glebas sustinet et suspendit, Colum. 2, 15 (16), 6. – c) locker setzen, vineam in summa terra, Colum. 3, 13, 8. – 3) bildl.: a) einhalten, hemmen, unterbrechen, aufheben, beseitigen, spiritum, Quint.: fletum, Ov.: dolore per intervalla suspenso, Ps. Quint. decl.: causas morbi, Veget.: fluxiones oculorum, Plin.: pronuntiationis terminum ita,————ut etc., Diom.: dah. aura suspensa levisque, gelinde, sanft, ruhig, Lucr. – b) unentschieden lassen, medio responso rem, Liv. 39, 29, 1. – c) in Ungewißheit setzen, -lassen, iudicum animos, Quint.: animos fictā gravitate, Ov.: alqm exspectatione, Plin. ep.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > suspendo
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10 status
1.stătus, a, um, v. sisto.2.stătus, ūs, m. [sto and sisto].I.In a corporeal sense.A.Mode or way of standing, of holding one's body (at rest), posture, position, attitude, station, carriage; sing. and plur.: Ps. Statur hic ad hunc modum. Si. Statum vide hominis, Callipho, quasi basilicum, look at the way he stands, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 41:B.stat in statu senex ut adoriatur moechum,
in an attitude of attack, ready, id. Mil. 4, 9, 12: concrepuit digitis, laborat;crebro conmutat status,
his posture, id. ib. 2, 2, 51:qui esset status (videre vellem) flabellulum tenere te asinum tantum,
what your attitude was, what figure you cut, in holding the fan, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 50:in gestu status (oratoris erit) erectus et celsus, rarus incessus,
attitude, Cic. Or. 18, 59:status quidem rectus sit, sed diducti paulum pedes,
Quint. 11, 3, 159:abesse plurimum a saltatore debet orator... non effingere status quosdam, et quidquid dicet ostendere,
id. 11, 3, 89:ut recta sint bracchia, ne indoctae rusticaeve manus, ne status indecorus,
id. 1, 11, 16:stare solitus Socrates dicitur... immobilis, iisdem in vestigiis,
Gell. 2, 1, 2:dumque silens astat, status est vultusque diserti,
Ov. P. 2, 5, 51:statum proeliantis componit,
Petr. 95 fin. —So of the pose of statues: non solum numerum signorum, sed etiam uniuscujusque magnitudinem, figuram, statum litteris definiri vides,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 57:expedit saepe, ut in statuis atque picturis videmus, variari habitus, vultus, status,
Quint. 2, 13, 8:ut illo statu Chabrias sibi statuam fieri voluerit. Ex quo factum est ut postea athletae his statibus in statuis ponendis uterentur,
Nep. Chabr. 1, 3.—And of images in a dream:ubi prima (imago somni) perit, alioque est altera nata inde statu, prior hic gestum mutasse videtur,
Lucr. 4, 772:(opp. motus, incessus) quorum (iratorum) vultus, voces, motus statusque mutantur,
motions and postures, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102:decorum istud in corporis motu et statu cernitur,
id. ib. 1, 35, 126:habitus oris et vultūs, status, motus,
id. Fin. 3, 17, 56; 5, 17, 47:in quibus si peccetur... motu statuve deformi,
id. ib. 5, 12, 35:eo erant vultu, oratione, omni reliquo motu et statu, ut, etc.,
id. Tusc. 3, 22, 53:status, incessus, sessio, accubatio... teneat illud decorum,
id. Off. 1, 35, 129:in pedibus observentur status et incessus,
the posture and gait, Quint. 11, 3, 124.—Of external appearance, manners, dress, and apparel:C.quoniam formam hujus cepi in me et statum, decet et facta moresque hujus habere me similis item,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 111:redegitque se ad pallium et crepidas, atque in tali statu biennio fere permansit,
Suet. Tib. 13.—Size, height, stature of living and inanimate beings (cf. statura;D.post-Aug.): pumilionem, quos natura brevi statu peractos, etc.,
Stat. S. 1, 6, 58: longissimum... aratorem faciemus;mediastenus qualiscunque status potest esse,
Col. 1, 9, 3:in gallinaceis maribus status altior quaeritur,
id. 8, 2, 9; so id. 7, 9, 2; 7, 12 med.:plantae majoris statūs,
Pall. Febr. 25, 20.—A position, place, in the phrase de statu movere, deicere, or statum conturbare, to displace, drive out, eject, expel, throw from a position (esp. of battle and combat):II. A.equestrem procellam excitemus oportet, si turbare ac statu movere (hostes) volumus,
Liv. 30, 18, 14:nihil statu motus, cum projecto prae se clipeo staret, in praesidio urbis moriturum se... respondit,
id. 38, 25: Manlius scutum scuto percussit atque statum Galli conturbavit (cf. the next sentence: atque de loco hominem iterum dejecit), Claud. Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 16.—So, out of the military sphere, in order to avoid an attack:ea vis est... quae, periculo mortis injecto, formidine animum perterritum loco saepe et certo de statu demovet,
Cic. Caecin. 15, 42.— Transf., of mental position, conviction, argument, etc.:saepe adversarios de statu omni dejecimus,
Cic. Or. 37, 129:voluptas quo est major, eo magis mentem e suā sede et statu demovet,
throws the mind off its balance, id. Par. 1, 3, 15.—Similarly: de statu deducere, recedere, from one's position or principles:fecerunt etiam ut me prope de vitae meae statu deducerent, ut ego istum accusarem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 10:neque de statu nobis nostrae dignitatis est recedendum, neque sine nostris copiis in alterius praesidia veniendum,
id. Att. 1, 20, 2.—So, de statu suo declinare = moveri:neque dubito quin, suspitione aliquā perculsi repentinā, de statu suo declinarint,
i. e. became unsettled, Cic. Clu. 38, 106:qui cum me firmissimis opibus... munire possim, quamvis excipere fortunam malui quam... de meo statu declinare,
than abandon my position, id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; cf.of the position of heavenly bodies: qui eodem statu caeli et stellarum nati sunt,
aspect, id. Div. 2, 44, 92.Of persons, condition in regard to public rights, political or civil status, any loss of which was a capitis deminutio (v. caput):2.capitis minutio est statūs permutatio,
Gai. Dig. 4, 5, 1; id. Inst. 1, 159; cf. Dig. 4, 5, 11:quo quisque loco nostrum est natus... hunc vitae statum usque ad senectutem obtinere debet,
Cic. Balb. 7, 18:ad quem proscripti confluebant. Quippe nullum habentibus statum quilibet dux erat idoneus,
with regard to the civil death of the proscribed, Vell. 2, 72, 5:illorum salus omnibus accepta fuit... quia tam grati exoptatum libertatis statum recuperaverint,
Val. Max. 5, 26:si statu periclitari litigator videtur,
if his civil status seems in peril, Quint. 6, 1, 36:nec ulla tam familiaris est infelicibus patria quam solitudo et prioris statūs oblivio,
i. e. the status of full citizenship, lost by banishment, Curt. 5, 5, 11:permanent tamen in statu servitutis,
Suet. Gram. 21:vetuit quaeri de cujusquam defunctorum statu,
id. Tit. 8 fin.:multorum excisi status,
Tac. A. 3, 28: qui illegitime concipiuntur, statum sumunt ex eo tempore quo nascuntur, i. e. whether freemen or slaves, etc., Gai. Inst. 1, 89:cum servus manumittitur: eo die enim incipit statum habere,
a civil status, Dig. 4, 5, 4:homo liber qui se vendidit, manumissus non ad suum statum revertitur, sed efficitur libertinae condicionis, i. e. that of an ingenuus,
ib. 1, 5, 21:primo de personarum statu dicemus,
civil status, ib. 1, 5, 2; so Titin. 5:de statu hominum (sometimes status used in the jurists absolutely with reference to freedom and slavery): si status controversiam cui faciat procurator, sive ex servitute in libertatem, etc.,
Dig. 3, 3, 39, § 5; so ib. 3, 3, 33, § 1.—Similarly in the later jurists: status suus = aetas XXV. annorum, years of discretion:cum ad statum suum frater pervenisset,
Dig. 31, 1, 77, § 19.—Condition and position with reference to rank, profession, trade, occupation, social standing, reputation, and character:3.an tibi vis inter istas vorsarier prosedas... quae tibi olant stabulum statumque?
their trade, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 59:quod in civitatibus agnationibus familiarum distinguuntur status,
the ranks of the families, Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 23:regum status decemviris donabantur,
the rank of kings was assigned to the decemvirs, id. Agr. 1, 1, 2:cum alii rem ipsam publicam atque hunc bonorum statum odissent,
the social position of the higher classes, id. Sest. 20, 46:non ut aliquid ex pristino statu nostro retineamus,
id. Fam. 4, 4, 1:ecquis umquam tam ex amplo statu concidit?
id. Att. 3, 10, 2:non enim jam quam dignitatem, quos honores, quem vitae statum amiserim cogito,
id. ib. 10, 4, 1:quam (statuam) esse ejusdem status amictus, anulus, imago ipsa declarat,
id. ib. 1, 1, 17:praesidium petebamus ex potentissimi viri benevolentiā ad omnem statum nostrae dignitatis,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 1: noster autem status est hic:apud bonos iidem sumus quos reliquisti, apud sordem, etc.,
id. Att. 1, 16, 11:ego me non putem tueri meum statum ut neque offendam animum cujusquam, nec frangam dignitatem meam?
maintain my character, id. Fam. 9, 16, 6:quos fortuna in amplissimo statu (i. e. regum) collocarat,
Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:tantam in eodem homine varietatem status,
high and low position in life, ups and downs, Val. Max. 6, 9, 4:cum classiarios quos Nero ex remigibus justos milites fecerat, redire ad pristinum statum cogeret,
Suet. Galb. 12:quaedam circa omnium ordinum statum correxit,
id. Claud. 22:cum redieritis in Graeciam, praestabo ne quis statum suum vestro credat esse meliorem,
social position, Curt. 5, 5, 22:omnis Aristippum decuit color et status et res,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 23.—Condition in reference to prosperity, happiness or unhappiness, and health (mostly poet. and post-Aug.):4.at iste non dolendi status non vocatur voluptas,
Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 28:neque hic est Nunc status Aurorae meritos ut poscat honores,
Ov. M. 13, 594:flebilis ut noster status est, ita flebile carmen,
id. Tr. 5, 1, 5:quid enim status hic a funere differt?
id. P. 2, 3, 3:pejor ab admonitu fit status iste boni,
id. ib. 1, 2, 54:his enim quorum felicior in domo status fuerat,
Val. Max. 6, 8, 7:sin nostros status sive proximorum ingenia contemplemur,
id. 6, 9 pr.:caelum contemplare: vix tamen ibi talem statum (i. e. felicitatis deorum) reperias,
id. 7, 1, 1:haec quidem (vox) animi magnifici et prosperi status (fuit),
id. 6, 5, ext. 4:obliti statūs ejus quem beneficio exuistis meo,
Curt. 10, 2, 22:sumus in hoc tuo statu iidem qui florente te fuimus,
i. e. distress, id. 5, 11, 5:res magna et ex beatissimo animi statu profecta,
Sen. Ep. 81, 21: voverat, si sibi incolumis status (of health) permisisset, proditurum se... hydraulam, Suet. Ner. 54. —Condition, circumstances, in gen., of life or of the mind:B.homines hoc uno plurimum a bestiis differunt quod rationem habent, mentemque quae... omnem complectatur vitae consequentis statum,
Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45:facias me certiorem et simul de toto statu tuo consiliisque omnibus,
id. Fam. 7, 10, 3:tibi declaravi adventus noster qualis fuisset, et quis esset status,
id. Att. 4, 2, 1:quid enim ego laboravi, si... nihil consecutus sum ut in eo statu essem quem neque fortunae temeritas, neque, etc., labefactaret,
id. Par. 2, 17:sed hoc videant ii qui nulla sibi subsidia ad omnes vitae status paraverunt,
id. Fam. 9, 6, 4: atque is quidem qui cuncta composuit constanter in suo manebat statu (transl. of emeinen en tôi heautou kata tropon êthei, Plat. Tim. p. 42, c. Steph.), in his own state, being, Cic. Tim. 13:vitae statum commutatum ferre non potuit,
Nep. Dion, 4, 4:id suis rebus tali in statu saluti fore,
Curt. 5, 1, 5: haec sunt fulmina quae prima accepto patrimonio et in novi hominis aut urbis statu fiunt, in any new condition (when a stroke of lightning was considered an omen), Sen. Q. N. 2, 47.—Rarely of a state:libere hercle hoc quidem. Sed vide statum (i. e. ebrietatis),
Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 4.—Esp., in augury: fulmen status, a thunderbolt sent to one who is not expecting a sign, as a warning or suggestion, = fulmen monitorium:status est, ubi quietis nec agitantibus quidquam nec cogitantibus fulmen intervenit,
Sen. Q. N. 2, 39, 2.—Of countries, communities, etc., the condition of society, or the state, the public order, public affairs.1.In gen.:2.Siciliam ita vexavit ac perdidit ut ea restitui in antiquum statum nullo modo possit,
Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 12:nunc in eo statu civitas est ut omnes idem de re publicā sensuri esse videantur,
id. Sest. 50, 106:omnem condicionem imperii tui statumque provinciae mihi demonstravit Tratorius,
id. Fam. 12, 23, 1; so id. ib. 13, 68, 1:mihi rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti,
id. ib. 3, 11, 4; so,status ipse nostrae civitatis,
id. ib. 5, 16, 2:non erat desperandum fore aliquem tolerabilem statum civitatis,
id. Phil. 13, 1, 2:sane bonum rei publicae genus, sed tamen inclinatum et quasi pronum ad perniciosissimum statum,
id. Rep. 2, 26, 48:aliquo, si non bono, at saltem certo statu civitatis,
id. Fam. 9, 8, 2:ex hoc qui sit status totius rei publicae videre potes,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15: ex eodem de toto statu rerum communium [p. 1756] cognosces, id. Fam. 1, 8, 1:tamen illa, quae requiris, suum statum tenent, nec melius, si tu adesses, tenerent,
id. ib. 6, 1, 1:non illi nos de unius municipis fortunis arbitrantur, sed de totius municipii statu, dignitate, etc., sententias esse laturos,
id. Clu. 69, 196:ego vitam omnium civium, statum orbis terrae... redemi,
id. Sull. 11, 33:Ti. Gracchum mediocriter labefactantem statum rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 3:eo tum statu res erat ut longe principes haberentur Aedui,
Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 9:cum hoc in statu res esset,
Liv. 26, 5, 1; so id. 32, 11, 1:eam regiam servitutem (civitatis) collatam cum praesenti statu praeclaram libertatem visam,
id. 41, 6, 9:statum quoque civitatis ea victoria firmavit ut jam inde res inter se contrahere auderent,
i. e. commercial prosperity, id. 27, 51:ut deliberare de statu rerum suarum posset,
id. 44, 31:ut taedio praesentium consules duo et status pristinus rerum in desiderium veniant,
id. 3, 37, 3:jam Latio is status erat rerum ut neque bellum neque pacem pati possent,
id. 8, 13, 2:qui se moverit ad sollicitandum statum civitatis,
internal peace, id. 3, 20, 8:omni praesenti statu spem cuique novandi res suas blandiorem esse,
more attractive than any condition of public affairs, id. 35, 17:tranquillitatis status,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 1:in sollicito civitatis statu,
Quint. 6, 1, 16:principes regesque et quocumque alio nomine sunt tutores status publici,
guardians of public order, Sen. Clem. 1, 4, 3: curis omnium ad formandum publicum statum a tam sollemni munere aversis, Curt, 10, 10, 9; so,ad formandum rerum praesentium statum,
Just. 9, 5, 1:populo jam praesenti statu laeto,
Suet. Caes. 50:ad componendum Orientis statum,
id. Calig. 1:deploravit temporum statum,
id. Galb. 10:ad explorandum statum Galliarum,
id. Caes. 24:delegatus pacandae Germaniae status,
id. Tib. 16: et omnia habet rerum status iste mearum ( poet., = reipublicae meae), Ov. M. 7, 509.—Esp., of the political sentiments of the citizens:3.a Maronitis certiora de statu civitatium scituros,
Liv. 39, 27:ad visendum statum regionis ejus,
id. 42, 17, 1:suas quoque in eodem statu mansuras res esse,
id. 42, 29, 9:cum hic status in Boeotiā esset,
id. 42, 56, 8.—Of the constitution, institutions, form of government, etc.:4.Scipionem rogemus ut explicet quem existimet esse optimum statum civitatis,
Cic. Rep. 1, 20, 33; 1, 21, 34; 1, 46, 70;1, 47, 71: ob hanc causam praestare nostrae civitatis statum ceteris civitatibus,
id. ib. 2, 1, 2:itaque cum patres rerum potirentur, numquam constitisse statum civitatis,
the form of the government had never been permanent, id. ib. 1, 32, 49:in hoc statu rei publicae (decemvirali), quem dixi non posse esse diuturnum,
id. ib. 2, 37, 62:providete ne rei publicae status commutetur,
id. Har. Resp. 27, 60:eademque oritur etiam ex illo saepe optimatium praeclaro statu,
aristocratic form of government, id. Rep. 1, 44, 68:ut totum statum civitatis in hoc uno judicio positam esse putetis,
id. Fl. 1, 3:ut rei publicae statum convulsuri viderentur,
id. Pis. 2, 4:pro meā salute, pro vestrā auctoritate, pro statu civitatis nullum vitae discrimen vitandum umquam putavit,
id. Red. in Sen. 8, 20:cum hoc coire ausus es, ut consularem dignitatem, ut rei publicae statum... addiceres?
id. ib. 7, 16:omnia quae sunt in imperio et in statu civitatis ab iis defendi putantur,
id. Mur. 11, 24:intelleges (te habere) nihil quod aut hoc aut aliquo rei publicae statu timeas,
id. Fam. 6, 2, 3:quod ad statum Macedoniae pertinebat,
Liv. 45, 32, 2:ex commutatione statūs publici,
Vell. 2, 35, 4:haec oblivio concussum et labentem civitatis statum in pristinum habitum revocavit,
Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 4:Gracchi civitatis statum conati erant convellere,
id. 6, 3, 1 fin.:Cicero ita legibus Sullae cohaerere statum civitatis affirmat ut his solutis stare ipsa non possit,
Quint. 11, 1, 85:qui eloquentiā turbaverant civitatium status vel everterant,
id. 2, 16, 4:id biduum quod de mutando reipublicae statu haesitatum erat,
Suet. Claud. 11:nec dissimulasse unquam pristinum se reipublicae statum restituturum,
id. ib. 1:conversus hieme ad ordinandum reipublicae statum, fastos correxit, etc.,
id. Caes. 40:tu civitatem quis deceat status Curas,
what institutions, Hor. C. 3, 29, 25.—Hence,Existence of the republic:C.quae lex ad imperium, ad majestatem, ad statum patriae, ad salutem omnium pertinet,
Cic. Cael. 29, 70 (= eo, ut stet patria, the country's existence):si enim status erit aliquis civitatis, quicunque erit,
id. Fam. 4, 14, 4: status enim rei publicae maxime judicatis rebus continetur, the existence of the republic depends on the decisions of the courts, i. e. their sacredness, id. Sull. 22, 63. —In nature, state, condition, etc.:D. 1.incolumitatis ac salutis omnium causā videmus hunc statum esse hujus totius mundi atque naturae,
Cic. Or. 3, 45, 178:ex alio alius status (i. e. mundi) excipere omnia debet,
Lucr. 5, 829:ex alio terram status excipit alter,
id. 5, 835:est etiam quoque pacatus status aëris ille,
id. 3, 292:non expectato solis ortu, ex quo statum caeli notare gubernatores possent,
Liv. 37, 12, 11:idem (mare) alio caeli statu recipit in se fretum,
Curt. 6, 4, 19:incertus status caeli,
Col. 11, 2:pluvius caeli status,
id. 2, 10:mitior caeli status,
Sen. Oedip. 1054.—In gen.:2.atque hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum non perturbatis atque permixtis, sed suum statum tenentibus,
preserving their essential features, Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44.—Hence,Esp. in rhet. jurisp.(α).The answer to the action (acc. to Cic., because the defence: primum insistit in eo = the Gr. stasis):(β).refutatio accusationis appellatur Latine status, in quo primum insistit quasi ad repugnandum congressa defensio,
Cic. Top. 25, 93; so,statu (sic enim appellamus controversiarum genera),
id. Tusc. 3, 33, 79:statum quidam dixerunt primam causarum conflictionem,
Quint. 3, 6, 4; cf. Cic. Part. Or. 29, 102.—The main question, the essential point:E.quod nos statum id quidam constitutionem vocant, alii quaestionem, alii quod ex quaestione appareat, Theodorus caput, ad quod referantur omnia,
Quint. 3, 6, 2:non est status prima conflictio, sed quod ex primā conflictione nascitur, id est genus quaestionis,
the kind, nature of the question, id. 3, 6, 5; cf. the whole chapter.—In gram., the mood of the verb, instead of modus, because it distinguishes the conceptions of the speaker:► For statu liber, v.et tempora et status,
tenses and moods, Quint. 9, 3, 11:fiunt soloecismi per modos, sive cui status eos dici placet,
id. 1, 5, 41.statuliber. -
11 beste
beste, der, die, das, optimus (überall von dem, was den höchsten Grad des Guten u. Vollkommenen erreicht hat). – Ist von zwei Dingen die Rede, so steht melior. – Es steht nun der etc. beste bes. in folgenden Beziehungen: 1) in Beziehung auf die äußern Sinne: optimus. – pu lcherrimus (der schönste). – iucundissimus. suavissimus (der angenehmste). – laetissimus der erfreulichste). – 2) in bezug auf die Natur, [444] die Bestimmung u. den Zweck, sowie auf den Nutzen einer Sache: optimus. – excellentissimus. praestantissimus (der ausgezeichnetste, vollkommenste). – saluberrimus (der heilsamste). – commodissimus (der passendste, bequemste). – utilissimus (der nützlichste). – das Beste oder die Besten von oder aus etwas, flos (gleichs. die Blüte); robur (in bezug auf Kraft u. Stärke, der Kern); verb. flos ac robur (z. B. iuventutis). – die besten Jahre, flos aetatis. aetas florens (das beste Alter); integra aetas (das noch frische Alter); optima tempora (die besten Zeiten des Staates). – der erste beste, primus quisque: wie der erste beste aus der Menge, ut unus homunculus e multis: dem ersten besten erzählen, obviis narrare: bei erster bester Gelegenheit, s. Gelegenheit. – die Sache geht nicht zum besten, haud prospere res cedunt. – das Beste, commodum (Vorteil); utilitas (Nutzen); salus (Wohlfahrt): zu meinem B., e re mea: zu jmds. B. sein, e re alcis esse: alci prodesse od. utile esse. – das allgemeine, gemeine Beste, Beste des Staates, commune commodum; communis utilitas; bonum publicum; rei publicae commoda; auch bl. res publica; salus communis od. rei publicae (die allgemeine Wohlfahrt): zum allgemeinen B., communis utilitatis gratiā; rei publicae commodo, auch bl. rei publicae (z. B. studium dimittere). – ich habe bei seiner Verteidigung das B. getan, meus praecipue in defendendo eo labor fuit. – sein B. tun, um zu etc. summā ope anniti; omni ope atque operā eniti, ut etc.: am, zum, aufs beste, s. bestens. – etw. zum besten geben, donare (schenken); largiri (spenden); proferre in medium (mündlich mitteilen): jmd. zum besten haben, s. foppen. – 3) in bezug auf sittliche Beschaffenheit: optimus. – mein Bester! optime! – eine Sache zum besten kehren, wenden, in melius flectere, deflectere, mutare; in meliorem partem accipere od. interpretari alqd (von der bessern Seite aufnehmen. auslegen).
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12 cura
cūra, ae, f. (arch. coira aus *coisa; vgl. pälign. coisatens »curaverunt«), das Sichangelegenseinlassen = die Sorge, I) = επιμέλεια, die Sorge, Fürsorge, 1) im allg., die angelegentliche Bemühung, das angelegentliche Bestreben, die Sorgfalt, das Interesse, die Teilnahme, die Beachtung, Rücksichtnahme, die Aufmerksamkeit, das Augenmerk, die Achtsamkeit (Ggstz. neglegentia; oft verb. cura et diligentia, cura ac diligentia, cura diligentiaque, tutela atque cura, opera curaque, cura atque opera, studium curaque, cura et cogitatio, cogitatio curaque, cura et od. ac labor), cura acris, Quint., acris cura diligentiaque, Cic.: intenta (intentior, intentissima), Liv.: magna (maior, maxima), Quint.: non mediocris, Planc. in Cic. ep.: minor, Quint.: nimia, Quint.: c. publica (die S. für das allgemeine Wohl), Ggstz. c. privata, Liv. – cum cura, zB. saucios reficere, Liv.: omnes milites sepelire, Curt.: omnia speculari, Liv.: so auch cum magna cura, zB. parare omnia, Sall.: magna cum cura atque diligentia, zB. scribere alqd, Cic.: cum maxima cura, zB. ultum ire iniurias, Sall.: summa cum cura, zB. exsequi alqd, Liv.: non sine cura, zB. rem administrant, Sall.: finis vitae extraneis non sine cura fuit, fand Teilnahme bei den Ausw., Tac. – u. sine cura deûm evenire (sich ereignen), Tac. (vgl. Heraei stud. crit. p. 73). – u. bl. magnā curā, zB. alere equum, Suet.: ea non maiore curā praecepta ab ducibus sunt quam ab militibus observata, Liv. - m. obj. Genet., agrorum nimia c. (allzu großes Interesse am Landbau) et sollicitior rei familiaris diligentia, Quint.: c. sui, für sich, für die Selbsterhaltung, Sen.: cura rei publicae, Interesse am St., Cic. u. Sall.: legum, Beachtung, Beobachtung der G., Quint.: c. rerum, verborum, sorgfältige Wahl, Quint.: c. bonarum rerum, c. humanarum rerum, Interesse, Teilnahme an usw., Sall.: rerum alienarum cura (zB. difficilis est), Cic.: assidua et perpetua c. salutis tuae, Cic. – cura habendi, Habsucht (πλεονεξία), Phaedr.: cura diversa sciscitandi, Tac.: cura colendi, S. in der Pflege, sorgfältige Pflege (des Gartens), Verg.: singularis cura (Schonung) frugum, agrorum, hominum, urbium, Vell. – m. de (in betreff) u. Abl., studium tuum curaque de salute mea nullā me novā voluptate affecit, Brut. in Cic. ep.: gratissima est mihi tua cura de illo meo primo et maximo mandato, Cic. – m. pro u. Abl., divina pro nobis cura, Augustin. conf. 7, 19 in. (vgl. unten curam agere pro etc. u. est cura pro etc.). – m. Verben, abicere curam (Interesse an) rei publicae, Cic., od. omnem suam curam de re publica, Cic. – adhibere curam in capris et ovibus parandis (Ggstz. neglegentem esse in amicis eligendis), Cic.: adhibere magnam curam diligentiamque in valetudine sua tuenda, Nep.: de sacerdotio tuo quantum curam ad-hibuerim, cognosce ex iis litteris, quas etc., Cic.: non mediocris adhibenda mihi est cura, ut etc., Planc. in Cic. ep. – agere curam alcis rei od. alcis u. de alqa re od. de alqo od. pro alqo, für etw. od. jmd. Sorge od. Fürsorge tragen, an etw, od. jmd. Interesse nehmen, sich um etw. od. jmd. bekümmern, sich etw. angelegen sein lassen (s. Burm. u. Ruhnk. Ov. her. 12, 302), zB. curam corporis diligentissime, Sen.: curam libertatis, Sall.: curam humanarum rerum (v. den Göttern), Plin. u. Quint.: curam sui, Sen.: curam civium, Liv.: curam pro nobis hospitis, uxor, agas, Ov.: curam de Samnitibus, non de se, Liv. – avocare curam alcis, die Aufm. jmds. abziehen, jmd. zerstreuen, Col. – capit alcis animum cura sacrorum et caerimoniarum, Liv. – conferre magnam curam in alcis salutem diligentiamque, Cic.: conferre omnem suam curam atque operam ad philosophiam, Cic. – cosumere in alcis salute omnem suum laborem, omnem operam, curam, studium, Cic.: istorum in dialecticis omnis cura consumitur, Cic. – defungi (loswerden) eā curā, Liv. – desiderare (erfordern) acrem curam diligentiamque, Cic. – curam hanc dimittere, Ov.: non dimittere istam curam, Cic.: dimittere omnem curam suorum, sich um die Seinigen gar nicht weiter bekümmern, Suet. – distendere alcis curam, jmds. Sorgfalt nach allen Seiten in Anspruch nehmen, jmd. gehörig beschäftigen, Col. 8, 2, 7 u. 12, 46, 1 (versch. von curas distendere, s. no. II, 1). – est cura alcis, m. pro u. Abl., publica cura est pro moenibus istis, Ov.: m. ut u. Konj., medici cura esse debet, ut etc., Cels.: m. ne u. Konj., haec mea cura est, ne quid tu perdas, Hor.: una erat cura, ne inultus occĭderet, nur darauf war sein Augenmerk gerichtet, daß er nicht usw., Curt. – est alqs cura alci od. alcis, cura pii dis sunt (Riese cura deûm di sunt) et qui coluere, coluntur, Ov. met. 8, 724 (715). – est alci cura alcis rei od. alcis, es trägt jmd. Sorge für etw. od. einen, nimmt Interesse an etw., richtet sein Augenmerk auf etw., bekümmert sich um etw. od. jmb., zB. Romanis interim arcis Tarentinae praesidiique, quod ibi obsideretur, cura est, Liv.: quodsi hominibus bonarun rerum tanta cura esset, quanto studio aliena petunt, Sall.: artium ingenuarum tibi maxima cura est, Ov.: cura tibi non est hospitis ulla tui, Ov. – cura est od. alci cura est m. folg. Infin., cura comere capillum fuit, Sen.: cura finitimos vincere maior erat, Ov.: praeverti ad Armenios instantior cura fuit, Tac.: ingens cura est mis cordibus aequiperare, Enn. fr.: nulli cura fuit externos quaerere divos, Prop.: nec sit mihi cura mederi, Verg. – alci cura est m. folg. ne u. Konj., haec mea cura est, ne quid tu perdas neu sis iocus, Hor.: inter quae maxima erat cura duci (war das Hauptaugenmerk des F. darauf gerichtet), ne qua exprobratio cuiquam veteris fortunae discordiam inter ordines sereret, Liv.: u. cura est alcis m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, neque senatus in eo cura, an imperii extrema dehonestarentur,Tac. ann. 4, 74. – est alqd intentioris curae, zB. custodiae vigiliaeque et ordo stationum intentioris curae erant, Liv. – est alci alqd od. alqs curae od. est alci curae de alqa re, es ist jmdm. eine Sache od. Pers. zur Sorge, d.i. ein Gegenstand der Sorge, Fürsorge, es läßt sich jmd. eine Sache od. Pers. zur Sorge sein, angelegen sein, zB. tibi erit eidem, cui salus mea fuit, etiam dignitas curae, Cic.: Caesar pollicitus est sibi eam rem curae futuram, Caes.: propinqui, quibus est puella curae, Catull.: rati sese dis immortalibus curae esse, Sall.: ergo illi curae contigit esse tuae, Ov.: de ceteris senatui curae fore, Sall.: de Tirone mihi curae est, Cic. ep.: mihi magnae curae tua vita et dignitas est, Anton. in Cic. ep.: salutem eius regis senatui populoque Romano magnae curae esse, Cic.: ei permagnum et perhonorificum videbatur senatui populoque Romano tantae curae esse salutem suam, Cic.: non enim tibi ea res maiori curae aut est aut erit quam mihi, Cic.: ceterum magis vis morbi ingravescens curae erat terroresque ac prodigia, Liv. 4, 21, 5: ceterum eo tempore minus ea bella quae gerebantur curae patribus erant, quam exspectatio nondum coepti cum Antiocho belli, Liv. 35, 23, 1: in eorum periculis non secus absentes quam praesentes amicos Attico esse curae, Nep. Att. 12, 5: so auch alci curae est m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj., zB. velim tibi curae sit, ut aliquid istinc bestiarum habeamus, Cael. in Cic. ep.: magis curae est magisque adformido, ne is pereat aut corrumpatur, Plaut.: in primis tibi curae sit, ne mihi tempus prorogetur, Cic.: patribus aeque curae fuisse, ne qua iniuria in eos oreretur, Liv.: alci curae est m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, zB. quo magis quae agas curae sunt mihi, Ter.: omnibus civitatibus Graeciae et Asiae curae erat, quid Eumenes in senatu egisset, Liv.: mihi maiori curae est, quemadmodum vobis gratiam referam, quam etc., Cic.: mihi non minori curae est, qualis res publica post mortem meam futura sit, quam qualis hodie sit, Cic.: quin id erat curae, quo pacto cuncta tenerem, Hor.: nisi sane curae sit (von Interesse für mich ist), quorsum eventurum hoc siet, Ter. – alci curae est m. Infin., zB. erit mihi curae explorare provinciae voluntatem, Traian. in Plin. ep.: magnae veteribus curae fuit gratiam dicendi et paribus et contrariis acquirere, Quint.: eligere modo curae sit (nur sei man in der Auswahl vorsichtig), Quint. – u. alci curae est m. Acc. u. Infin., tibi curae est sentire cives tuos, quanto per te onere leventur, Liv. 30, 31, 3. – plus exigere (erfordern) laboris et curae, Quint. – habere curam alcis rei od. alcis, für etw. Sorge tragen, auf etw. Sorgfalt verwenden, an etw. od. jmd. Interesse nehmen, sich um jmd. od. etw. bekümmern, sich etw. angelegen sein lassen, zB. libertatis, Sall.: rerum divinarum. Liv.: in primis pacis tuendae, Suet.: serendi (arborem turis), Plin.: Ausoniae gentis, v. den Göttern, Ov.: delectus multo intentiorem quam alias curam habebat, Liv. – so auch habere curam de od. in alqa re, zB. de vita communi omnium curam publicaeque rei constitutione habere, Vitr. 1. praef. § 2: in ea (re publicā) cognoscenda multam magnamque curam habui, Ps. Sall. de rep. 2, 1, 3. – u. habere alqm od. alqd curae od. sibi curae, zB. petitionem alcis c. h., Sall.: nec aliter universos quam membra partesque imperii c. h., Suet.: me ut id mihi habeam curae rogas, Varro: eos tibi et rem, de qua misi, velim curae habeas, Cael. in Cic. ep.: u. so curae sibi habere m. Infin., zB. ut ille ex ultimis terris, quid ageret, curae sibi haberet certiorem facere Atticum, Nep. Att. 20, 4: curae habere m. folg. ut u. Konj., habebo itaque curae, ut te meliorem tibi reddam quam accepi, Sen. de ben. 1, 8, 2: curae habere m. folg. Relativsatz, sapienter habeatis curae, quae imperavi atque impero, Plaut. Men. 991: u. absol. curas habere, alle mögliche Sorgfalt anwenden, nichts vernachlässigen, Iustin. 43, 4, 11. – impendere curam alci rei, zB. rei domesticae, Phaedr.: u. so acrem quam maxime curam spei futuri oratoris, Quint. – incumbere onmi cogitatione curāque in rem publicam, Cic.: dagegen incumbe in eam curam od. totā mente incumbe in hanc curam, laß das deine angelegentliche Sorge sein, Cic. – at mihi cura non mediocris inest, fontes ut adire remotos queam, Hor. sat. 2, 4, 93 sq. – intendere curam alcis, jmds. Aufmerksamkeit spannen, zB. gens bellicosa... curam regis intenderat, ließ den K. auf seiner Hut sein, Curt.; dagegen curam intendere in alqd, die Aufmerksamkeit, sein Augenmerk auf etw. richten, zB. in quem omnes intenderat curas, Curt.: dum omnium cura in Veiens bellum intenta est, Liv.: u. m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, non intenta cuiusquam cura, quae firmitudo (coriorum), quae mensura, ohne daß jemand genau darauf geachtet hätte, Tac. – ne Syphacis quidem reconciliandi curam ex animo mittere, den Gedanken nicht aufgeben, Liv. – ponere curam et aegritudinem, Cic.: ponere curam alcis rei, die S. für etw. beiseite lassen, sich nicht weiter um etw. bekümmern, zB. positis omnium aliarum rerum curis, mit Hintansetzung aller andern Geschäfte, Liv. – aber ponere curam in alqa re, Sorgfalt, Aufmerksamkeit richten, verwenden, zB. omnem curam in siderum cognitione, Cic.: omnis mihi cura et opera posita est in hominum periculis defendendis, Cic. – postulare (erfordern) minorem curam, Quint. – remittere curam diligentiamque, nachlassen in usw., Caes.: omnem curam belli remittere, Liv.: omnes curas referre ad alqm et in eo consumere, Cic. – stimulare curam, zB. ne fames quidem, quae mutas accenderet bestias, curam stimulare posset, Liv. – suscipere curam, es sich eine Sorge sein lassen, darauf sein Augenmerk richten, m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj. od. folg. indir. Fragesatz, zB. suscipe curam et cogitationem dignissimam tuae virtutis, ut Caesarem et Pompeium perfidiā hominum distractos in pristinam concordiam reducas, Balb. in Cic. ep.: quod magnam curam suscipiebat (weil er sich wohl hütete), ne quo temere progrederetur, Auct. b. Alex.: hanc quoque suscipe curam, quemadmodum experiamur, Cic. – sustinere maximam curam belli, die schweren u. sorgenvollen Kriegslasten zu tragen haben, Cic. – omni mente in ea cogitatione curaque versari, ut etc., Cic.: omnis cura mea solet in hoc versari semper, si possim, ut boni efficiam aliquid dicendo, Cic.: vincere omnes curā, vigilantiā, patientiā, Nep. – So nun insbes.: α) das Interesse für etw. Neues, die Neugierde, cura ingenii humani, die dem Menschen angeborene Neugierde, Liv. 21, 22, 7 (u. dazu Fabri): inerat cura insita mortalibus videndi congredientes nobilem regem et... legatos, Liv. 42, 39, 3. – β) das wissenschaftliche Streben, das Studium, die Forschung, cura et meditatio (Nachdenken), Tac. dial. 16; vgl. Tac. Agr. 10. – Plur., sapientis animus cum his habitans pernoctansque curis, Cic. Tusc. 5, 69. – dah. meton. = die ausstudierte Schrift, die Ausarbeitung, Arbeit, c. recens, Ov., nova et recens, Tac.: ii, quorum in manus cura nostra venerit, Tac.: essent et iuvenes, quorum inedita cura est, Ov.; dimissā priore curā novae cogitationi toto pectore incumbam, Tac.: Plur.: condere victuras temptem per saecula curas, Mart. 1, 107, 5.
2) die Fürsorge = die Besorgung, Behandlung, Abwartung, Wartung, Pflege, Aufsicht, a) die landwirtsch. Pflege, Zucht, Pelusiacae lentis, Verg. georg. 1, 228: quae cura boum, qui cultus habendo sit pecori, Verg. georg. 1, 3. – b) die physiche Pflege des Körpers, bes. auch die verschönernde, das Ordnen, Schmücken, der Putz, wie θεραπεία (s. Broukh. Prop. 2, 12 [14], 28. Gronov Obss. 1, 23 p. 98 Fr.), m. subj. Genet., cura mulierum, Phaedr. – m. obj. Genet., c. corporis, Quint.: formae, Sen.: comae, Prop.: capillorum, Suet.: cura cultusque feminarum, Liv. – c) die Krankenpflege, α) des Wärters usw., die Pflege, saucios sustentare curā, Tac. ann. 4, 63. – β) des Arztes, die Behandlung, Heilung, Kur (griech. θεραπεία) c. morbi, Iustin.: c. aquae, quae inter cutem est, Cels.: si quid cura levarit, Cels.: cum omnem curam fata vincerent, Vell.: Plur., curae aegrescentium, Macr. sat. 7, 4, 6. – übtr., relinquebatur simplex illa iam cura doloris tui, Cic. ep. 5, 16, 5: illa fuit lacrimis ultima cura meis (v. Schlafe), Prop. 1, 3, 46. – d) die Besorgung einer Leiche (griech. κήδευσις), quibus ea (mater) funeris sui curam demandarat, Suet. Tib. 51, 2; vgl. Tac. hist. 5, 5. – e) die Besorgung der Götter, cura deorum, der Gottesdienst (griech. θεραπεία θεῶν), Liv. 6, 41, 9. Iustin. 41, 3, 6. – f) die Fürsorge für jmd. od. etw. = die Aufsicht über jmd. od. etw., die Hut, Obhut, α) über jmd.: c. dominae, Ov.; vgl. vollst. dominam servandi cura, Ov.: filium regis non sub hospitum modo privatorum custodia, sed publicae etiam curae ac velut tutelae esse velle, Liv. – bes. des Erziehers, der Erzieherin, c. susceptorum semel adulescentium, Quint.: suum sororisque filios in eadem cura habere, Liv.: alci sororis suae nepotum curam delegare, Quint. – β) über etw.: omnes, quibus vivaria, armenta, alvearia, piscinae, aviaria in cura erant, alle Tierwärter, Hirten, Bienen-, Fisch-, Vogelwärter, Plin. 8, 44. – g) meton.: α) der Pfleger, Wärter, Aufseher, immundae cura fidelis harae (v. Schweinehirten Eumäus), Ov. her. 1, 104 (vgl. no. 3, a, β, ββ). – β) der Gegenstand der Fürsorge, der Schützling, Pflegling, Liebling, c. deûm (v. Anchises), Verg.: ipse Veneris iustissima cura, Dardanius puer, Verg.: tua cura, palumbes, Verg.: absunt, mea cura, sodales, Ov.: Roscia te salutat, cura communis, Sidon.: Lydia (ein Gedicht des P. Val. Kato) doctorum maxima cura liber, Ticida poët. bei Suet.
3) die Fürsorge = die verwaltende, leitende Besorgung, Pflege, die Verwaltung, Leitung (das Kommando), die Aufsicht, a) übh.: α) eig.: c. rerum domesticarum, die Verwaltung des Hauswesens, die Hauswirtschaft (οίκονομία), Quint. 3, 3, 9: patrimonii sui curam mandare alci, Sen. de ben. 4, 27, 5. – bes. als Staatsamt, magistratus et imperia et omnis cura rerum publicarum, Sall.: u. so cura rei publicae, Liv., u. cura rerum, Tac.: u. speziell c. urbis, Liv.: aerarii, annonae, Suet.: tabularum publicarum, die V. des öffentl. Schuldbuchs, V. des Staatsärars, Tac.: operum publicorum, Suet.: c. viarum, aquarum, alvei Tiberis, frumenti populo dividendi, Suet.: c. navium, Flottenverwaltung, Tac.: c. legionis armandae, Tac. – alqm ad curam rei publicae admovere, Suet., Ggstz. alqm curā rerum demovere, Tac.: provincias ad suam curam transferre, Suet.: aspenari curam urbis (Stadtpflege, Leitung der städtischen Angelegenheiten) ut ingratam ignobilemque, Liv.: curam ordinandarum bibliothecarum in porticu Octaviae suscipere, Suet.: alci delegare curam providendae tempestatis, die Gewitterwache übertragen, Sen.: curam atque onus Germanici belli Druso delegare, Vell.: obsidionem demandare in curam collegae, Liv.: alci arcis curam mandare, Curt.: curam peditum Paulinus, equitum Celsus sumpsere, Tac.: Equitius, cui tunc erat cura palatii credita, der damalige Hausmarschall, Amm. – β) meton., αα) die Besorgung = die Mühwaltung, Obliegenheit, das Geschäft, hi (delecti) vel aetate vel similitudine curae patres appellabantur, Sall.: hanc curam tibi iniungo, Plin. ep.: in bello in aliqua maiuscula cura negotiove versari, Cic.: est minutioris curae m. folg. Infin., es ist ein allzu kleinliches Geschäft, Quint. 8, 6, 28. – bes. im Plur. (Ggstz. remissiones u. dgl.), nondum ad curas intentus, Tac.: cum sumus necessariis negotiis curisque vacui, Cic.: iam vero tempora curarum remissionumque divisa, Tac.: divisae inter Tutorem et Classicum curae, Tac.: tam humiles et sordidas curas alii mandare, Plin. ep. – ββ) der Aufseher, cura praetorii unus, Haushofmeister, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14, 11: Saturninus ex cura palatii, gewesener Hausmarschall, Amm. 22, 3, 7. – b) die Vormundschaft, Kuratel, curam gerere, administrare, ICt.
II) wie φροντίς, die Sorge = die Besorgnis, besorgte Teilnahme (Ggstz. gaudium, laetitia; Synon. u. stärkerer Begriff sollicitudo, Kummer, Bekümmernis, s. Plin. ep. 2, 11, 15: dah. oft verb. cura et sollicitudo, sollicitudo et cura, cura et angor, cura et angor animi mei), 1) im allg.: domitor curarum (v. Schlaf), Sen. poët.: curarum milia, Prop. – expers curae od. omnis curae, Liv.: erant illa castra plena curae, Cic. – liber curā et angore animus, Cic.: animus liber sensibus et curis od. omni impeditione curarum (zB. per somnum od. in somnis), Cic.: vacuus hāc curā, Cic.: vacua metu, curā, sollicitudine, periculo vita bonorum virorum est, Cic. – sine cura, ohne S., sorglos, Sall.: u. so auch sine cura esse, Cic. – m. obj. Genet., curā impensarum populi Romani, aus Bes. für usw., Liv. – m. de u. Abl., cura de minore filio, Liv. 44, 44, 1. – m. pro u. Abl., cura pro alqo, Liv. 27, 30, 5. Verg. Aen. 12, 48. – m. in u. Akk., nullā in posterum curā, Tac. hist. 3, 55. – m. attrib. Adjj., curae amarae, Ov.: curae anxiae (bange), Liv.: curae atrae, Hor.: curae edaces, Hor.: c. gravis, gravior, Liv., gravissima, Cic.: c. ingens, Sall.: curae inanes, Lucr.: c. magna, maior, maxima, Cic.: c. materna, Plin.: c. minor, Cic.: curae mordaces, Lucan.: curae novae, Cic. (vgl. haec nova c., Hernici, diese neue Bes. [= Gegenstand der Bes.], Liv. 6, 6, 13): c. parva, Cic.: c. multiplex, Curt.: curae perpetuae, Ov.: c. cotidiana, Ter.: c. summa (zB. summā curā alcis adventum exspectare), Cic.: curae tristes, Verg.: curae vigilantes, Sorgen bei wachendem Auge (S. amTage), Cic.: so auch curae vigiles, Val. Max. – m. Verben, abigere curas, die S. verscheuchen (v. Lebl.), Hor.: abstinere curis, sich der S. entschlagen, Cels.: accumulat curas filia parva meas, Ov. – adimere alci curam, Ter. (u. so auch quot curas ademi! Ter.). – afferre (alci) curam, curas, S. verursachen, zB. nonnullas curas et molestias (v. Umständen), Cic.: u. m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Piliam in idem genus morbi delapsam curam tibi afferre maiorem sentio, Cic.: u. m. folg. quod, zB. quod negavit te potuisse ad me scribere, curam mihi attulit, Cic. – afficere alqm aliquā curā, Cic., magnā curā et sollicitudine, Ter. (sowohl v. Pers. als v. Umständen): u. so auch afficior curā, Plin. ep. – curam de coniuge agere, Sorge tragen um d. G. (Ggstz. intrepidum esse pro se), Ov. met. 9, 107. – agitare alqm dies noctesque curis insomniisque, Liv. – cotidiana cura angit animum, Ter.: angi tot curis vigiliisque, Cic. – quod ipsum curam augebat, Liv. – aegritudines, molestiae, maerores, qui exedunt animos hominum conficiuntque curis, Cic.: u. bes. confici curis, Cic., confectus curis, Iustin.: animus curā confectus, Ter. – ut eorum aspectu omnis quae me angebat de re publica cura consederit, Cic. – cur eam rem tam studiose curas, quae tibi multas dabit curas, Cornif. rhet. 4, 21: at tibi curarum milia quanta dabit, Prop. 1, 5, 10. – decedit alci cura u. alci cura de alqa re (s. Drak. Liv. 4, 52, 8. Burm. Suet. Caes. 24), zB. priusquam ea cura decederet patribus Romanis, Liv.: de domesticarum rerum eventu nec patribus nec plebi cura decesserat, Liv.: donec cura de Antiocho decessisset, Liv. – demere animis curas, Varro. – deducere animo curas, Hor. – curas depellere vino, Tibull. – deponere curam pro alqo, Verg.: deponere tristes animo curas, Verg.: in alcis sermone et suavitate omnes curas doloresque deponere, Cic. – dimittere curam hanc, Ov. met. 1, 209. – velut in duo pariter bella distenderant curas hominum, hatten die Besorgnisse gleichs. zwischen zwei Kriegen in gleicher Weise geteilt, Liv. 27,40, 1 (versch. v. curam alcis distendere oben no. I, 1). – omnium tamen non tanta pro Aetolis cura erat, quam ne Philippus regnumque eius grave libertati futurum rebus Graeciae immisceretur, Liv. 27, 30, 5. – mihi maximae curae est non de mea quidem vita, sed me patria sollicitat, Cic.: Pompeius de Clodio iubet nos esse sine cura, Cic. – fuit intactis quoque cura condicione super communi, Hor. ep. 2, 1, 152. – parte curae exonerarunt senatum consulis litterae, Liv. – me his exsolvite curis, Verg.: extenuat corpus cura, Cels. – alqd curam facit m. folg. ne u. Konj., läßt besorgen, daß usw., Tac. ann. 3, 52. – fugere curam, Cic. – quam pro me curam geris, hanc precor, optime, pro me deponas, Verg. Aen. 12, 48 sq. – pectus alcis anxiis implere curis (v. einem Ereignis), Liv.: imponere finem curis, Verg.: primo gravis cura patres incessit, Liv.: affirmatio Pori multiplicem animo regis iniecerat curam, Curt.: u. inicere (alci) curam m. folg. ne u. Konj., Ter. adelph. 708. Curt. 3, 1 (2), 17: inicere alci curam metumque, ne etc., Liv. 5, 7, 4. – cum curis laxati sumus, Cic.: saepissime curam et angorem animi mei sermone et consilio levasti tuo, Cic.: levare (abnehmen) alqm curā od. magnā curā, Cic.: liberare alqm curā, istā curā, magnā curā et sollicitudine, Cic.: ut quoquo modo aut liberarem te istā curā aut certe levarem, Cic. – non tamen invictum animum curae obruunt (erdrücken), Curt.: illum ingens cura atque laetitia simul occupavere, Sall. – partiri curas cum alqo, Verg.: pellere curas vino, Hor., curas e pectore, Sil. – illa restabat cura, ne etc., Liv. – ea me cura vehementissime sollicitat, Cic.: me illa cura sollicitat angitque vehementer, quod (daß) etc., Cic. – solvere alqm curis ceteris, Ter.: curas et corpora somnus solverat, Ov. – videris gravem curam suscepisse vehementerque esse de nobis sollicitus, Cass. in Cic. ep.: maximam hic sollicitudinem curamque sustineo, ne m. folg. Konj., Cic. – traducere animos a minore cura ad summum timorem (v. einem Vorfalle), Cic. – et curā vacare et negotio, Cic.: maternā vacare curā, Plin.: vitare curam domesticorum, sich der S. um den Haushalt entschlagen, Cels.: multiplices animo volvere curas, Catull.
2) die Liebessorge, Liebesqual, die Liebe (vgl. Lachmann Prop. 1, 11 [10], 17), c. mea, tua, die Liebe zu mir, zu dir, Ov. u. Prop.: iuvenum curae, Hor.: possum alterius curas sanare recentes, Prop. – meton. (wie μέλημα) = die Geliebte, die Flamme, tua cura, Lycoris, Verg.: Lynceu, tune meam potuisti tangere curam? Prop. – / Arch. Dat. curai, Elog. clar. vir. 24 im Corp. inscr. Lat. 12. p. 285.
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13 cura
cūra, ae, f. (arch. coira aus *coisa; vgl. pälign. coisatens »curaverunt«), das Sichangelegenseinlassen = die Sorge, I) = επιμέλεια, die Sorge, Fürsorge, 1) im allg., die angelegentliche Bemühung, das angelegentliche Bestreben, die Sorgfalt, das Interesse, die Teilnahme, die Beachtung, Rücksichtnahme, die Aufmerksamkeit, das Augenmerk, die Achtsamkeit (Ggstz. neglegentia; oft verb. cura et diligentia, cura ac diligentia, cura diligentiaque, tutela atque cura, opera curaque, cura atque opera, studium curaque, cura et cogitatio, cogitatio curaque, cura et od. ac labor), cura acris, Quint., acris cura diligentiaque, Cic.: intenta (intentior, intentissima), Liv.: magna (maior, maxima), Quint.: non mediocris, Planc. in Cic. ep.: minor, Quint.: nimia, Quint.: c. publica (die S. für das allgemeine Wohl), Ggstz. c. privata, Liv. – cum cura, zB. saucios reficere, Liv.: omnes milites sepelire, Curt.: omnia speculari, Liv.: so auch cum magna cura, zB. parare omnia, Sall.: magna cum cura atque diligentia, zB. scribere alqd, Cic.: cum maxima cura, zB. ultum ire iniurias, Sall.: summa cum cura, zB. exsequi alqd, Liv.: non sine cura, zB. rem administrant, Sall.: finis vitae extraneis non sine cura fuit, fand Teilnahme bei den Ausw., Tac. – u. sine cura deûm evenire (sich ereignen), Tac. (vgl. Heraei stud. crit. p. 73). – u. bl. magnā curā, zB.————alere equum, Suet.: ea non maiore curā praecepta ab ducibus sunt quam ab militibus observata, Liv. - m. obj. Genet., agrorum nimia c. (allzu großes Interesse am Landbau) et sollicitior rei familiaris diligentia, Quint.: c. sui, für sich, für die Selbsterhaltung, Sen.: cura rei publicae, Interesse am St., Cic. u. Sall.: legum, Beachtung, Beobachtung der G., Quint.: c. rerum, verborum, sorgfältige Wahl, Quint.: c. bonarum rerum, c. humanarum rerum, Interesse, Teilnahme an usw., Sall.: rerum alienarum cura (zB. difficilis est), Cic.: assidua et perpetua c. salutis tuae, Cic. – cura habendi, Habsucht (πλεονεξία), Phaedr.: cura diversa sciscitandi, Tac.: cura colendi, S. in der Pflege, sorgfältige Pflege (des Gartens), Verg.: singularis cura (Schonung) frugum, agrorum, hominum, urbium, Vell. – m. de (in betreff) u. Abl., studium tuum curaque de salute mea nullā me novā voluptate affecit, Brut. in Cic. ep.: gratissima est mihi tua cura de illo meo primo et maximo mandato, Cic. – m. pro u. Abl., divina pro nobis cura, Augustin. conf. 7, 19 in. (vgl. unten curam agere pro etc. u. est cura pro etc.). – m. Verben, abicere curam (Interesse an) rei publicae, Cic., od. omnem suam curam de re publica, Cic. – adhibere curam in capris et ovibus parandis (Ggstz. neglegentem esse in amicis eligendis), Cic.: adhibere magnam curam diligentiamque in valetudine sua tuenda, Nep.: de sacerdotio tuo quantum curam————ad-hibuerim, cognosce ex iis litteris, quas etc., Cic.: non mediocris adhibenda mihi est cura, ut etc., Planc. in Cic. ep. – agere curam alcis rei od. alcis u. de alqa re od. de alqo od. pro alqo, für etw. od. jmd. Sorge od. Fürsorge tragen, an etw, od. jmd. Interesse nehmen, sich um etw. od. jmd. bekümmern, sich etw. angelegen sein lassen (s. Burm. u. Ruhnk. Ov. her. 12, 302), zB. curam corporis diligentissime, Sen.: curam libertatis, Sall.: curam humanarum rerum (v. den Göttern), Plin. u. Quint.: curam sui, Sen.: curam civium, Liv.: curam pro nobis hospitis, uxor, agas, Ov.: curam de Samnitibus, non de se, Liv. – avocare curam alcis, die Aufm. jmds. abziehen, jmd. zerstreuen, Col. – capit alcis animum cura sacrorum et caerimoniarum, Liv. – conferre magnam curam in alcis salutem diligentiamque, Cic.: conferre omnem suam curam atque operam ad philosophiam, Cic. – cosumere in alcis salute omnem suum laborem, omnem operam, curam, studium, Cic.: istorum in dialecticis omnis cura consumitur, Cic. – defungi (loswerden) eā curā, Liv. – desiderare (erfordern) acrem curam diligentiamque, Cic. – curam hanc dimittere, Ov.: non dimittere istam curam, Cic.: dimittere omnem curam suorum, sich um die Seinigen gar nicht weiter bekümmern, Suet. – distendere alcis curam, jmds. Sorgfalt nach allen Seiten in Anspruch nehmen, jmd. gehörig beschäftigen, Col. 8, 2, 7 u. 12, 46, 1 (versch. von————curas distendere, s. no. II, 1). – est cura alcis, m. pro u. Abl., publica cura est pro moenibus istis, Ov.: m. ut u. Konj., medici cura esse debet, ut etc., Cels.: m. ne u. Konj., haec mea cura est, ne quid tu perdas, Hor.: una erat cura, ne inultus occĭderet, nur darauf war sein Augenmerk gerichtet, daß er nicht usw., Curt. – est alqs cura alci od. alcis, cura pii dis sunt (Riese cura deûm di sunt) et qui coluere, coluntur, Ov. met. 8, 724 (715). – est alci cura alcis rei od. alcis, es trägt jmd. Sorge für etw. od. einen, nimmt Interesse an etw., richtet sein Augenmerk auf etw., bekümmert sich um etw. od. jmb., zB. Romanis interim arcis Tarentinae praesidiique, quod ibi obsideretur, cura est, Liv.: quodsi hominibus bonarun rerum tanta cura esset, quanto studio aliena petunt, Sall.: artium ingenuarum tibi maxima cura est, Ov.: cura tibi non est hospitis ulla tui, Ov. – cura est od. alci cura est m. folg. Infin., cura comere capillum fuit, Sen.: cura finitimos vincere maior erat, Ov.: praeverti ad Armenios instantior cura fuit, Tac.: ingens cura est mis cordibus aequiperare, Enn. fr.: nulli cura fuit externos quaerere divos, Prop.: nec sit mihi cura mederi, Verg. – alci cura est m. folg. ne u. Konj., haec mea cura est, ne quid tu perdas neu sis iocus, Hor.: inter quae maxima erat cura duci (war das Hauptaugenmerk des F. darauf gerichtet), ne qua exprobratio cuiquam veteris fortunae discordiam inter ordines se-————reret, Liv.: u. cura est alcis m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, neque senatus in eo cura, an imperii extrema dehonestarentur,Tac. ann. 4, 74. – est alqd intentioris curae, zB. custodiae vigiliaeque et ordo stationum intentioris curae erant, Liv. – est alci alqd od. alqs curae od. est alci curae de alqa re, es ist jmdm. eine Sache od. Pers. zur Sorge, d.i. ein Gegenstand der Sorge, Fürsorge, es läßt sich jmd. eine Sache od. Pers. zur Sorge sein, angelegen sein, zB. tibi erit eidem, cui salus mea fuit, etiam dignitas curae, Cic.: Caesar pollicitus est sibi eam rem curae futuram, Caes.: propinqui, quibus est puella curae, Catull.: rati sese dis immortalibus curae esse, Sall.: ergo illi curae contigit esse tuae, Ov.: de ceteris senatui curae fore, Sall.: de Tirone mihi curae est, Cic. ep.: mihi magnae curae tua vita et dignitas est, Anton. in Cic. ep.: salutem eius regis senatui populoque Romano magnae curae esse, Cic.: ei permagnum et perhonorificum videbatur senatui populoque Romano tantae curae esse salutem suam, Cic.: non enim tibi ea res maiori curae aut est aut erit quam mihi, Cic.: ceterum magis vis morbi ingravescens curae erat terroresque ac prodigia, Liv. 4, 21, 5: ceterum eo tempore minus ea bella quae gerebantur curae patribus erant, quam exspectatio nondum coepti cum Antiocho belli, Liv. 35, 23, 1: in eorum periculis non secus absentes quam praesentes amicos Attico esse curae, Nep. Att. 12, 5: so auch alci curae————est m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj., zB. velim tibi curae sit, ut aliquid istinc bestiarum habeamus, Cael. in Cic. ep.: magis curae est magisque adformido, ne is pereat aut corrumpatur, Plaut.: in primis tibi curae sit, ne mihi tempus prorogetur, Cic.: patribus aeque curae fuisse, ne qua iniuria in eos oreretur, Liv.: alci curae est m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, zB. quo magis quae agas curae sunt mihi, Ter.: omnibus civitatibus Graeciae et Asiae curae erat, quid Eumenes in senatu egisset, Liv.: mihi maiori curae est, quemadmodum vobis gratiam referam, quam etc., Cic.: mihi non minori curae est, qualis res publica post mortem meam futura sit, quam qualis hodie sit, Cic.: quin id erat curae, quo pacto cuncta tenerem, Hor.: nisi sane curae sit (von Interesse für mich ist), quorsum eventurum hoc siet, Ter. – alci curae est m. Infin., zB. erit mihi curae explorare provinciae voluntatem, Traian. in Plin. ep.: magnae veteribus curae fuit gratiam dicendi et paribus et contrariis acquirere, Quint.: eligere modo curae sit (nur sei man in der Auswahl vorsichtig), Quint. – u. alci curae est m. Acc. u. Infin., tibi curae est sentire cives tuos, quanto per te onere leventur, Liv. 30, 31, 3. – plus exigere (erfordern) laboris et curae, Quint. – habere curam alcis rei od. alcis, für etw. Sorge tragen, auf etw. Sorgfalt verwenden, an etw. od. jmd. Interesse nehmen, sich um jmd. od. etw. bekümmern, sich etw. angelegen sein lassen, zB. liber-————tatis, Sall.: rerum divinarum. Liv.: in primis pacis tuendae, Suet.: serendi (arborem turis), Plin.: Ausoniae gentis, v. den Göttern, Ov.: delectus multo intentiorem quam alias curam habebat, Liv. – so auch habere curam de od. in alqa re, zB. de vita communi omnium curam publicaeque rei constitutione habere, Vitr. 1. praef. § 2: in ea (re publicā) cognoscenda multam magnamque curam habui, Ps. Sall. de rep. 2, 1, 3. – u. habere alqm od. alqd curae od. sibi curae, zB. petitionem alcis c. h., Sall.: nec aliter universos quam membra partesque imperii c. h., Suet.: me ut id mihi habeam curae rogas, Varro: eos tibi et rem, de qua misi, velim curae habeas, Cael. in Cic. ep.: u. so curae sibi habere m. Infin., zB. ut ille ex ultimis terris, quid ageret, curae sibi haberet certiorem facere Atticum, Nep. Att. 20, 4: curae habere m. folg. ut u. Konj., habebo itaque curae, ut te meliorem tibi reddam quam accepi, Sen. de ben. 1, 8, 2: curae habere m. folg. Relativsatz, sapienter habeatis curae, quae imperavi atque impero, Plaut. Men. 991: u. absol. curas habere, alle mögliche Sorgfalt anwenden, nichts vernachlässigen, Iustin. 43, 4, 11. – impendere curam alci rei, zB. rei domesticae, Phaedr.: u. so acrem quam maxime curam spei futuri oratoris, Quint. – incumbere onmi cogitatione curāque in rem publicam, Cic.: dagegen incumbe in eam curam od. totā mente incumbe in hanc curam, laß das deine an-————gelegentliche Sorge sein, Cic. – at mihi cura non mediocris inest, fontes ut adire remotos queam, Hor. sat. 2, 4, 93 sq. – intendere curam alcis, jmds. Aufmerksamkeit spannen, zB. gens bellicosa... curam regis intenderat, ließ den K. auf seiner Hut sein, Curt.; dagegen curam intendere in alqd, die Aufmerksamkeit, sein Augenmerk auf etw. richten, zB. in quem omnes intenderat curas, Curt.: dum omnium cura in Veiens bellum intenta est, Liv.: u. m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, non intenta cuiusquam cura, quae firmitudo (coriorum), quae mensura, ohne daß jemand genau darauf geachtet hätte, Tac. – ne Syphacis quidem reconciliandi curam ex animo mittere, den Gedanken nicht aufgeben, Liv. – ponere curam et aegritudinem, Cic.: ponere curam alcis rei, die S. für etw. beiseite lassen, sich nicht weiter um etw. bekümmern, zB. positis omnium aliarum rerum curis, mit Hintansetzung aller andern Geschäfte, Liv. – aber ponere curam in alqa re, Sorgfalt, Aufmerksamkeit richten, verwenden, zB. omnem curam in siderum cognitione, Cic.: omnis mihi cura et opera posita est in hominum periculis defendendis, Cic. – postulare (erfordern) minorem curam, Quint. – remittere curam diligentiamque, nachlassen in usw., Caes.: omnem curam belli remittere, Liv.: omnes curas referre ad alqm et in eo consumere, Cic. – stimulare curam, zB. ne fames quidem, quae mutas accenderet bestias, curam stimulare pos-————set, Liv. – suscipere curam, es sich eine Sorge sein lassen, darauf sein Augenmerk richten, m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj. od. folg. indir. Fragesatz, zB. suscipe curam et cogitationem dignissimam tuae virtutis, ut Caesarem et Pompeium perfidiā hominum distractos in pristinam concordiam reducas, Balb. in Cic. ep.: quod magnam curam suscipiebat (weil er sich wohl hütete), ne quo temere progrederetur, Auct. b. Alex.: hanc quoque suscipe curam, quemadmodum experiamur, Cic. – sustinere maximam curam belli, die schweren u. sorgenvollen Kriegslasten zu tragen haben, Cic. – omni mente in ea cogitatione curaque versari, ut etc., Cic.: omnis cura mea solet in hoc versari semper, si possim, ut boni efficiam aliquid dicendo, Cic.: vincere omnes curā, vigilantiā, patientiā, Nep. – So nun insbes.: α) das Interesse für etw. Neues, die Neugierde, cura ingenii humani, die dem Menschen angeborene Neugierde, Liv. 21, 22, 7 (u. dazu Fabri): inerat cura insita mortalibus videndi congredientes nobilem regem et... legatos, Liv. 42, 39, 3. – β) das wissenschaftliche Streben, das Studium, die Forschung, cura et meditatio (Nachdenken), Tac. dial. 16; vgl. Tac. Agr. 10. – Plur., sapientis animus cum his habitans pernoctansque curis, Cic. Tusc. 5, 69. – dah. meton. = die ausstudierte Schrift, die Ausarbeitung, Arbeit, c. recens, Ov., nova et recens, Tac.: ii, quorum in manus cura nostra venerit, Tac.:————essent et iuvenes, quorum inedita cura est, Ov.; dimissā priore curā novae cogitationi toto pectore incumbam, Tac.: Plur.: condere victuras temptem per saecula curas, Mart. 1, 107, 5.2) die Fürsorge = die Besorgung, Behandlung, Abwartung, Wartung, Pflege, Aufsicht, a) die landwirtsch. Pflege, Zucht, Pelusiacae lentis, Verg. georg. 1, 228: quae cura boum, qui cultus habendo sit pecori, Verg. georg. 1, 3. – b) die physiche Pflege des Körpers, bes. auch die verschönernde, das Ordnen, Schmücken, der Putz, wie θεραπεία (s. Broukh. Prop. 2, 12 [14], 28. Gronov Obss. 1, 23 p. 98 Fr.), m. subj. Genet., cura mulierum, Phaedr. – m. obj. Genet., c. corporis, Quint.: formae, Sen.: comae, Prop.: capillorum, Suet.: cura cultusque feminarum, Liv. – c) die Krankenpflege, α) des Wärters usw., die Pflege, saucios sustentare curā, Tac. ann. 4, 63. – β) des Arztes, die Behandlung, Heilung, Kur (griech. θεραπεία) c. morbi, Iustin.: c. aquae, quae inter cutem est, Cels.: si quid cura levarit, Cels.: cum omnem curam fata vincerent, Vell.: Plur., curae aegrescentium, Macr. sat. 7, 4, 6. – übtr., relinquebatur simplex illa iam cura doloris tui, Cic. ep. 5, 16, 5: illa fuit lacrimis ultima cura meis (v. Schlafe), Prop. 1, 3, 46. – d) die Besorgung einer Leiche (griech. κήδευσις), quibus ea (mater) funeris sui curam demandarat, Suet. Tib. 51, 2; vgl. Tac. hist. 5, 5. – e)————die Besorgung der Götter, cura deorum, der Gottesdienst (griech. θεραπεία θεῶν), Liv. 6, 41, 9. Iustin. 41, 3, 6. – f) die Fürsorge für jmd. od. etw. = die Aufsicht über jmd. od. etw., die Hut, Obhut, α) über jmd.: c. dominae, Ov.; vgl. vollst. dominam servandi cura, Ov.: filium regis non sub hospitum modo privatorum custodia, sed publicae etiam curae ac velut tutelae esse velle, Liv. – bes. des Erziehers, der Erzieherin, c. susceptorum semel adulescentium, Quint.: suum sororisque filios in eadem cura habere, Liv.: alci sororis suae nepotum curam delegare, Quint. – β) über etw.: omnes, quibus vivaria, armenta, alvearia, piscinae, aviaria in cura erant, alle Tierwärter, Hirten, Bienen-, Fisch-, Vogelwärter, Plin. 8, 44. – g) meton.: α) der Pfleger, Wärter, Aufseher, immundae cura fidelis harae (v. Schweinehirten Eumäus), Ov. her. 1, 104 (vgl. no. 3, a, β, ββ). – β) der Gegenstand der Fürsorge, der Schützling, Pflegling, Liebling, c. deûm (v. Anchises), Verg.: ipse Veneris iustissima cura, Dardanius puer, Verg.: tua cura, palumbes, Verg.: absunt, mea cura, sodales, Ov.: Roscia te salutat, cura communis, Sidon.: Lydia (ein Gedicht des P. Val. Kato) doctorum maxima cura liber, Ticida poët. bei Suet.3) die Fürsorge = die verwaltende, leitende Besorgung, Pflege, die Verwaltung, Leitung ( das Kommando), die Aufsicht, a) übh.: α) eig.: c. rerum————domesticarum, die Verwaltung des Hauswesens, die Hauswirtschaft (οίκονομία), Quint. 3, 3, 9: patrimonii sui curam mandare alci, Sen. de ben. 4, 27, 5. – bes. als Staatsamt, magistratus et imperia et omnis cura rerum publicarum, Sall.: u. so cura rei publicae, Liv., u. cura rerum, Tac.: u. speziell c. urbis, Liv.: aerarii, annonae, Suet.: tabularum publicarum, die V. des öffentl. Schuldbuchs, V. des Staatsärars, Tac.: operum publicorum, Suet.: c. viarum, aquarum, alvei Tiberis, frumenti populo dividendi, Suet.: c. navium, Flottenverwaltung, Tac.: c. legionis armandae, Tac. – alqm ad curam rei publicae admovere, Suet., Ggstz. alqm curā rerum demovere, Tac.: provincias ad suam curam transferre, Suet.: aspenari curam urbis (Stadtpflege, Leitung der städtischen Angelegenheiten) ut ingratam ignobilemque, Liv.: curam ordinandarum bibliothecarum in porticu Octaviae suscipere, Suet.: alci delegare curam providendae tempestatis, die Gewitterwache übertragen, Sen.: curam atque onus Germanici belli Druso delegare, Vell.: obsidionem demandare in curam collegae, Liv.: alci arcis curam mandare, Curt.: curam peditum Paulinus, equitum Celsus sumpsere, Tac.: Equitius, cui tunc erat cura palatii credita, der damalige Hausmarschall, Amm. – β) meton., αα) die Besorgung = die Mühwaltung, Obliegenheit, das Geschäft, hi (delecti) vel aetate vel similitudine curae patres appellabantur, Sall.: hanc————curam tibi iniungo, Plin. ep.: in bello in aliqua maiuscula cura negotiove versari, Cic.: est minutioris curae m. folg. Infin., es ist ein allzu kleinliches Geschäft, Quint. 8, 6, 28. – bes. im Plur. (Ggstz. remissiones u. dgl.), nondum ad curas intentus, Tac.: cum sumus necessariis negotiis curisque vacui, Cic.: iam vero tempora curarum remissionumque divisa, Tac.: divisae inter Tutorem et Classicum curae, Tac.: tam humiles et sordidas curas alii mandare, Plin. ep. – ββ) der Aufseher, cura praetorii unus, Haushofmeister, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14, 11: Saturninus ex cura palatii, gewesener Hausmarschall, Amm. 22, 3, 7. – b) die Vormundschaft, Kuratel, curam gerere, administrare, ICt.II) wie φροντίς, die Sorge = die Besorgnis, besorgte Teilnahme (Ggstz. gaudium, laetitia; Synon. u. stärkerer Begriff sollicitudo, Kummer, Bekümmernis, s. Plin. ep. 2, 11, 15: dah. oft verb. cura et sollicitudo, sollicitudo et cura, cura et angor, cura et angor animi mei), 1) im allg.: domitor curarum (v. Schlaf), Sen. poët.: curarum milia, Prop. – expers curae od. omnis curae, Liv.: erant illa castra plena curae, Cic. – liber curā et angore animus, Cic.: animus liber sensibus et curis od. omni impeditione curarum (zB. per somnum od. in somnis), Cic.: vacuus hāc curā, Cic.: vacua metu, curā, sollicitudine, periculo vita bonorum virorum est, Cic. – sine cura, ohne————S., sorglos, Sall.: u. so auch sine cura esse, Cic. – m. obj. Genet., curā impensarum populi Romani, aus Bes. für usw., Liv. – m. de u. Abl., cura de minore filio, Liv. 44, 44, 1. – m. pro u. Abl., cura pro alqo, Liv. 27, 30, 5. Verg. Aen. 12, 48. – m. in u. Akk., nullā in posterum curā, Tac. hist. 3, 55. – m. attrib. Adjj., curae amarae, Ov.: curae anxiae (bange), Liv.: curae atrae, Hor.: curae edaces, Hor.: c. gravis, gravior, Liv., gravissima, Cic.: c. ingens, Sall.: curae inanes, Lucr.: c. magna, maior, maxima, Cic.: c. materna, Plin.: c. minor, Cic.: curae mordaces, Lucan.: curae novae, Cic. (vgl. haec nova c., Hernici, diese neue Bes. [= Gegenstand der Bes.], Liv. 6, 6, 13): c. parva, Cic.: c. multiplex, Curt.: curae perpetuae, Ov.: c. cotidiana, Ter.: c. summa (zB. summā curā alcis adventum exspectare), Cic.: curae tristes, Verg.: curae vigilantes, Sorgen bei wachendem Auge (S. am Tage), Cic.: so auch curae vigiles, Val. Max. – m. Verben, abigere curas, die S. verscheuchen (v. Lebl.), Hor.: abstinere curis, sich der S. entschlagen, Cels.: accumulat curas filia parva meas, Ov. – adimere alci curam, Ter. (u. so auch quot curas ademi! Ter.). – afferre (alci) curam, curas, S. verursachen, zB. nonnullas curas et molestias (v. Umständen), Cic.: u. m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Piliam in idem genus morbi delapsam curam tibi afferre maiorem sentio, Cic.: u. m. folg. quod, zB. quod negavit te potuisse ad me scribere,————curam mihi attulit, Cic. – afficere alqm aliquā curā, Cic., magnā curā et sollicitudine, Ter. (sowohl v. Pers. als v. Umständen): u. so auch afficior curā, Plin. ep. – curam de coniuge agere, Sorge tragen um d. G. (Ggstz. intrepidum esse pro se), Ov. met. 9, 107. – agitare alqm dies noctesque curis insomniisque, Liv. – cotidiana cura angit animum, Ter.: angi tot curis vigiliisque, Cic. – quod ipsum curam augebat, Liv. – aegritudines, molestiae, maerores, qui exedunt animos hominum conficiuntque curis, Cic.: u. bes. confici curis, Cic., confectus curis, Iustin.: animus curā confectus, Ter. – ut eorum aspectu omnis quae me angebat de re publica cura consederit, Cic. – cur eam rem tam studiose curas, quae tibi multas dabit curas, Cornif. rhet. 4, 21: at tibi curarum milia quanta dabit, Prop. 1, 5, 10. – decedit alci cura u. alci cura de alqa re (s. Drak. Liv. 4, 52, 8. Burm. Suet. Caes. 24), zB. priusquam ea cura decederet patribus Romanis, Liv.: de domesticarum rerum eventu nec patribus nec plebi cura decesserat, Liv.: donec cura de Antiocho decessisset, Liv. – demere animis curas, Varro. – deducere animo curas, Hor. – curas depellere vino, Tibull. – deponere curam pro alqo, Verg.: deponere tristes animo curas, Verg.: in alcis sermone et suavitate omnes curas doloresque deponere, Cic. – dimittere curam hanc, Ov. met. 1, 209. – velut in duo pariter bella distenderant curas hominum, hatten die————Besorgnisse gleichs. zwischen zwei Kriegen in gleicher Weise geteilt, Liv. 27,40, 1 (versch. v. curam alcis distendere oben no. I, 1). – omnium tamen non tanta pro Aetolis cura erat, quam ne Philippus regnumque eius grave libertati futurum rebus Graeciae immisceretur, Liv. 27, 30, 5. – mihi maximae curae est non de mea quidem vita, sed me patria sollicitat, Cic.: Pompeius de Clodio iubet nos esse sine cura, Cic. – fuit intactis quoque cura condicione super communi, Hor. ep. 2, 1, 152. – parte curae exonerarunt senatum consulis litterae, Liv. – me his exsolvite curis, Verg.: extenuat corpus cura, Cels. – alqd curam facit m. folg. ne u. Konj., läßt besorgen, daß usw., Tac. ann. 3, 52. – fugere curam, Cic. – quam pro me curam geris, hanc precor, optime, pro me deponas, Verg. Aen. 12, 48 sq. – pectus alcis anxiis implere curis (v. einem Ereignis), Liv.: imponere finem curis, Verg.: primo gravis cura patres incessit, Liv.: affirmatio Pori multiplicem animo regis iniecerat curam, Curt.: u. inicere (alci) curam m. folg. ne u. Konj., Ter. adelph. 708. Curt. 3, 1 (2), 17: inicere alci curam metumque, ne etc., Liv. 5, 7, 4. – cum curis laxati sumus, Cic.: saepissime curam et angorem animi mei sermone et consilio levasti tuo, Cic.: levare (abnehmen) alqm curā od. magnā curā, Cic.: liberare alqm curā, istā curā, magnā curā et sollicitudine, Cic.: ut quoquo modo aut liberarem te istā curā aut certe leva-————rem, Cic. – non tamen invictum animum curae obruunt (erdrücken), Curt.: illum ingens cura atque laetitia simul occupavere, Sall. – partiri curas cum alqo, Verg.: pellere curas vino, Hor., curas e pectore, Sil. – illa restabat cura, ne etc., Liv. – ea me cura vehementissime sollicitat, Cic.: me illa cura sollicitat angitque vehementer, quod (daß) etc., Cic. – solvere alqm curis ceteris, Ter.: curas et corpora somnus solverat, Ov. – videris gravem curam suscepisse vehementerque esse de nobis sollicitus, Cass. in Cic. ep.: maximam hic sollicitudinem curamque sustineo, ne m. folg. Konj., Cic. – traducere animos a minore cura ad summum timorem (v. einem Vorfalle), Cic. – et curā vacare et negotio, Cic.: maternā vacare curā, Plin.: vitare curam domesticorum, sich der S. um den Haushalt entschlagen, Cels.: multiplices animo volvere curas, Catull.2) die Liebessorge, Liebesqual, die Liebe (vgl. Lachmann Prop. 1, 11 [10], 17), c. mea, tua, die Liebe zu mir, zu dir, Ov. u. Prop.: iuvenum curae, Hor.: possum alterius curas sanare recentes, Prop. – meton. (wie μέλημα) = die Geliebte, die Flamme, tua cura, Lycoris, Verg.: Lynceu, tune meam potuisti tangere curam? Prop. – ⇒ Arch. Dat. curai, Elog. clar. vir. 24 im Corp. inscr. Lat. 12. p. 285. -
14 periclitor
pĕrīclĭtor, āri, ātus sum - intr. et tr. - - intr. - [st1]1 [-] faire un essai. - Cic. Off. 3, 73; de Or. 3, 146. [st1]2 [-] être en danger, risquer. - Caes. BG. 6, 34, 8. - periclitari aliqua re: être en danger sous le rapport de qqch. --- Liv. 40, 15, 12. - periclitari vitā, Quint.: être en danger de mort. - periclitari alicujus rei: être en danger sous le rapport de qqch. --- Apul. M. 8, 31. - avec inf. periclitari perdere aliquid, Plin. 26, 112: risquer de perdre qqch. - periclitari rumpi, Quint. 11, 3, 42: risquer d'être brisé. - periclitari tragoediam evertere, Petr. 140: risquer de faire tomber la pièce. - causā periclitari Quint. 7, 2, 12: risquer de perdre le procès. - absol. proeliis et periclitando tuti sunt, Tac. G. 40: c'est dans les combats et dans leurs tentatives hasardeuses qu'ils trouvent leur sécurité. - tr. - [st1]3 [-] faire l'essai de, éprouver. - belli fortunam periclitari, Cic. Verr. 5, 132: éprouver la fortune de la guerre. - periclitandae sunt vires ingenii, Cic. de Or. 1, 157: il faut éprouver les forces de l'esprit. - part. à sens pass. periclitatis moribus, Cic. Lael. 63: après épreuve faite du caractère. - avec inter. ind. cotidie quid nostri auderent, periclitabatur, Caes. BG. 2, 8: chaque jour il éprouvait l'audace des nôtres. --- BG. 7, 36, 4; Cic. Off. 3, 18, 73. [st1]4 [-] mettre en danger, risquer. - non est salus periclitanda rei publicae, Cic. Cat. 1, 11: il ne faut pas mettre en péril le salut de l'état.* * *pĕrīclĭtor, āri, ātus sum - intr. et tr. - - intr. - [st1]1 [-] faire un essai. - Cic. Off. 3, 73; de Or. 3, 146. [st1]2 [-] être en danger, risquer. - Caes. BG. 6, 34, 8. - periclitari aliqua re: être en danger sous le rapport de qqch. --- Liv. 40, 15, 12. - periclitari vitā, Quint.: être en danger de mort. - periclitari alicujus rei: être en danger sous le rapport de qqch. --- Apul. M. 8, 31. - avec inf. periclitari perdere aliquid, Plin. 26, 112: risquer de perdre qqch. - periclitari rumpi, Quint. 11, 3, 42: risquer d'être brisé. - periclitari tragoediam evertere, Petr. 140: risquer de faire tomber la pièce. - causā periclitari Quint. 7, 2, 12: risquer de perdre le procès. - absol. proeliis et periclitando tuti sunt, Tac. G. 40: c'est dans les combats et dans leurs tentatives hasardeuses qu'ils trouvent leur sécurité. - tr. - [st1]3 [-] faire l'essai de, éprouver. - belli fortunam periclitari, Cic. Verr. 5, 132: éprouver la fortune de la guerre. - periclitandae sunt vires ingenii, Cic. de Or. 1, 157: il faut éprouver les forces de l'esprit. - part. à sens pass. periclitatis moribus, Cic. Lael. 63: après épreuve faite du caractère. - avec inter. ind. cotidie quid nostri auderent, periclitabatur, Caes. BG. 2, 8: chaque jour il éprouvait l'audace des nôtres. --- BG. 7, 36, 4; Cic. Off. 3, 18, 73. [st1]4 [-] mettre en danger, risquer. - non est salus periclitanda rei publicae, Cic. Cat. 1, 11: il ne faut pas mettre en péril le salut de l'état.* * *Periclitor, pen. cor. periclitaris, periclitari. Estre en danger, Periller, Estre en peril.\Periclitatur capite Sorades noster. Martialis. Il est en danger de sa teste, Il y va de la teste ou de la vie de Sorades.\Periclitari cancro. Cels. Estre en danger d'avoir le chancre.\Periclitari, cum infinitiuo. Quintilianus, Vox summa rumpi periclitatur. Est en hazard et danger de se rompre.\Ex sua liberalitate inops fieri periclitatur. Triphoninus. Par sa liberalité il est en danger de devenir povre.\Periclitari. Plaut. Essayer, Esprouver, Experimenter.\Fortunam tentare ac periclitari. Cic. Se hazarder.\Non est saepius in vno homine summa salus periclitanda Reipub. Cic. Il ne la fault plus mettre en danger. -
15 summum
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1. -
16 Superi
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1. -
17 superus
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1. -
18 suprema
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1. -
19 supremum
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1. -
20 supremus
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.
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